Question

.1. The Hardy-Weinberg principle and its equations predict that frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain constant from generation to generation in populations that are not evolving. What five conditions does this prediction assume to be true about such a population? 

a._______  b._______  c._______  d._______  e._______  

2. Before beginning the activity, answer the following general Hardy-Weinberg problems for practice (assume that the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium).

a. If the frequency of a recessive allele is 0.3, what is the frequency of the dominant allele? _______ 

b. If the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype is 0.36, what is the frequency of the dominant allele? _______ 

c. If the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0.49, what is the frequency of the dominant allele? _______ .

d. In a certain population, the dominant phenotype of a certain trait occurs 87% of the time. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?_______  

e. If the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype is 0.49, what is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype? _______ 

If the frequency of an autosomal recessive disease is 1 in 1,500 births, what are the allele and genotype frequencies in a population of 3,000? 

p=_______  q=_______ p2=_______ 2pq=_______ q2=_______ 

Answer 1

1)The Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium five assumption that needs to be met in a non evolving population are

1)No natural selection- There is no natural selection or sexual selection as the nature would favour those individuals that are better adapted and hence they would leave more progenies and would change the gene frequency.

2)No mutation-Mutation are the changes in the genetic material that produce either a harmful or positive impact to the individual. Then if mutation has a positive impact on the  individual  and is selected then more offsprings would be left by that individual and frequency of that allele in the population would increase and would disturb the natural selection.

3)Large population size- .When there is small population then the change in the gene pool is easily noticed and there may be the loss of the alleles at the locus and this disturbs the gene frequency.This is called as genetic drift.

4)Random mating-There should be random mating in which each individual has a chance of mating with any other individual. If there is assortative mating then there is genetic recombination and may result in evolution and population frequency may change.

5)No migration- The immigration and emigration results in the change in the gene frequencies. If there is migration of new or loss of genes from gene pool then the allele frequency is changed.

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