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The Real World An Introduction to Sociology 6e This first discussion that involves the subject matter...

The Real World An Introduction to Sociology 6e

This first discussion that involves the subject matter of the textbook in Chapter 1. In order to understand the three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology, it is often helpful to apply them to a real-life topic. For example, if I want to apply the sociological theories we study in Chapter 1 of the Real World to the social issue of environmental problems for this theory discussion.

1. Structural-Functionalist Perspective

2. Conflict Perspective

3. Interactionist Perspective:

Pick a topic and apply these Sociological perspectives. You can choose any topic e.g. alcohol/drug use, crime, access to health care, divorce, sexual harassment, immigration, etc. It must be at least 200 words.

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Answer #1
  • Sociological perspectives on health care:-
  • The functionalist perspective emphasizes that good health and effective medical care are essential for a society’s ability to function. Ill health impairs our ability to perform our roles in society, and if too many people are unhealthy, society’s functioning and stability suffer. pregnancy, birth, child care, and socialization of the individual who ends up dying early. Poor medical care is likewise dysfunctional for society, as people who are ill face greater difficulty in becoming healthy and people who are healthy are more likely to become ill.
  • Patients must perform the “sick role” in order to be perceived as legitimately ill and to be exempt from their normal obligations.Sick people must want to get well. If they do not want to get well or, worse yet, are perceived as faking their illness or malingering after becoming healthier, they are no longer considered legitimately ill by the people who know them or, more generally, by society itself.
  • Physicians also have a role to perform. First and foremost, they have to diagnose the person’s illness, decide how to treat it, and help the person become well. To do so, they need the cooperation of the patient, who must answer the physician’s questions accurately and follow the physician’s instructions.Functionalists viewed the physician-patient relationship as hierarchical: the physician gives the orders or advice, and the patient follows them.
  • The conflict approach emphasizes inequality in the quality of health and of health-care delivery. Society’s inequities along social class, race and ethnicity, and gender lines are reproduced in our health and health care. People from disadvantaged social backgrounds are more likely to become ill, and once they do become ill, inadequate health care makes it more difficult for them to become well.
  • It critiques efforts by physicians over the decades to control the practice of medicine and to define various social problems as medical ones.Partly to increase their incomes, physicians have tried to control the practice of medicine and to define social problems as medical problems.
  • The symbolic interactionist approach emphasizes that health and illness are social constructions. This means that various physical and mental conditions have little or no objective reality but instead are considered healthy or ill conditions only if they are defined as such by a society and its members.
  • The symbolic interactionist approach has also provided important studies of the interaction between patients and health-care professionals. Consciously or not, physicians “manage the situation” to display their authority and medical knowledge.
  • Patients usually have to wait a long time for the physician to show up, and the physician is often in a white lab coat; the physician is also often addressed as “Doctor,” while patients are often called by their first name. Physicians typically use complex medical terms to describe a patient’s illness instead of the more simple terms used by laypeople and the patients themselves.
  • Critics say the approach neglects the effects of social inequality for health and illness. Despite possible faults, the symbolic interactionist approach reminds us that health and illness do have a subjective as well as an objective reality.
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