How much soda ash (Na2CO3) in kg/day do you need to add to remove calcium hardness...
How much soda ash (Na2CO3) in kg/day do you need to add to remove calcium hardness from 200 mg/L CaCO3 to 50 mg/L CaCO3 if you have a water source with flowrate of 1000 m3/day. Consider the following unbalanced reaction that describes the process of Ca2+ removal. Ca2+ + Na2CO3 ↔ CaCO3↓ + Na+ Considering the soda ash has 96% purity and it costs $0.5/kg, how much would it cost the water treatment plant per year (365 days)?
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How much soda ash (Na2CO3) in kg/day do you need to add to
remove calcium hardness...
3. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3, to soften...
3. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3, to soften the water of a village to a final hardness of 40.0 mg/L as CaCO3. Chemical analysis showed that the water contains Na+ (50 mg/L), Ca2+ (150 mg/L), Mg²+ (30 mg/L, HCO3 (100 mg/Las CaCO3), Cl (80 mg/L). and CO2 (5.0 mg/L).
The chemical composition of a water sample is given in the table below. The goal hardness...
The chemical composition of a water sample is given in the table below. The goal hardness is 80 mg/L as CaCO3 Water composition (mg/L): Ca2+ HCO3 15 SO42- Na* CO2 242 Mg2+ 56 (a) Convert the given ionic concentrations in mg/L to mg/L as CaCO3 (b) What is the total hardness, carbonate hardness and non-carbonate hardness? (C) What is the lime-soda dosage to soften the water to a hardness of 80 mg/L as CaCO3 (d) What is the annual cost...
. 5 points. Using Eq. 4-17 (shown below) calculate the dose of calcium hydroxide in mg...
. 5 points. Using Eq. 4-17 (shown below) calculate the dose of calcium hydroxide in mg Ca(OH)2/L needed to remove the magnesium in a water containing 124 mg MgCl2/L. Ignore subsequent soda ash requirements to remove the added calcium Hint: use one mole of lime per mole of magnesium. Note: this is non-carbonate hardness . 5 points. Briefly explain the formation of "soap scum" in terms of the chemical elements in hard water and "natural" soap. Ca2* Na2CO3 CaCO3(s)2 Na*...
The following water quality data are available for a community Water quality Ca2+ = 60 mg/l...
The following water quality data are available for a community Water quality Ca2+ = 60 mg/l (as species) Mg2+ = 40 mg/l (as species) HCO3- = 220 mg/l as CaCO3 CO2 = 7 mg/l (as species) pH = 7.6 Final desired hardness = 80 mg/l as CaCO3. The flow rate of the treatment plant is 0.24 m3/s. a. Calculate the total, carbonate, and non-carbonate hardness b. Calculate the amount of lime (as mg/l of CaO) needed to soften the water...
How much calcium bicarbonate (kg/day) will need to be added per day in water with alkalinity...
How much calcium bicarbonate (kg/day) will need to be added per day in water with alkalinity of 30 mg/L CaCO3 (assume for simplicity only bicarbonate alkalinity is present) if 794 kg of Al2(SO4)3 x18H2O is added per week to treat water with coagulation/flocculation in a water treatment plant with capacity of 1 MGD. Consider the following coagulation/flocculation (unbalanced) reactions occur: Al3+ + HCO3– → Al(OH)3 + CO2
Please need ASAP Problem 1 (25 pts) The influent water to a water treatment plant that treats 50x10° L/day has a pH of 7.5 and the following composition: eqmolW (g/mol) [1 | (me/L) | [1 (mg/L...
Please need ASAP
Problem 1 (25 pts) The influent water to a water treatment plant that treats 50x10° L/day has a pH of 7.5 and the following composition: eqmolW (g/mol) [1 | (me/L) | [1 (mg/L as CaCO) L) mg/L) | H2COs 100 2 62.0 3.2 161.3 Ca2 100 2 40.0 5.0 250.0 Mg2 40 2 24.4 3.3 163.9 Nat 43.5 20 0.9 23.0 300.0 300 100.0 6.0 ALK 114.6 2.3 96.0 110 SO1 a) Write the chemical reactions controlling...
2. Calculate the amount of lime as Ca(OH)2 (90% pure) and soda ash (93% pure) (each...
2. Calculate the amount of lime as Ca(OH)2 (90% pure) and soda ash (93% pure) (each chemical in lb/d) needed to soften the following water using the two-stage excess lime-soda ash treatment process designed for an average daily flow of 4.0 mgd. 15 mg/L as CO2 CO2 Ca2+ 60 mg/L 24 mg/L Na 46 mg/L HCO3 = 200 mg/L 96 mg/L 35 mg/L = CF
Question 30 (4 points) Groundwater defined by the following analysis is to be softened by lime-soda...
Question 30 (4 points) Groundwater defined by the following analysis is to be softened by lime-soda ash treatment. The target total hardness is 90 mg/L as CaCO3, in which CH = 40 mg/L as CaCO3 CO2 = 30 mg/L as CO2 = 120 mg/L as Ca2+ Ca2+ Mg2+ = 48 mg/L as Mg2+ Nat = 46 mg/L as Nat HCO3 = 200 mg/L as Cacos SO42- 96 mg/L as SO42- 35 mg/L as CI FORMULA CO2 CaCO3 EQUIVALENT WEIGHT (S/EW)...
3. 10 points. Calculate the amounts (kg, 100% basis) of H2SO4 and NaOH required in a dual bed ion exchange system to re...
3. 10 points. Calculate the amounts (kg, 100% basis) of H2SO4 and NaOH required in a dual bed ion exchange system to remove the calcium and chloride ions in 1000 m3 of water containing 100 mg CaCl2/L. Assume 100 % efficiency of chemical usage (which is not correct). Hint: use one mole of H2SO4 per mole of Ca, and one mole of NaOH per mole of Cl 4. 5 points. Using Eq. 4-17 (shown below) calculate the dose of calcium...
How much citric acid (99% concentration; Molecular Weight:192.12; linear formula: HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2) do I need to add...
How much citric acid (99% concentration; Molecular Weight:192.12; linear formula: HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2) do I need to add to a lake (volume of lake:1233 cubic meters; m3) to lower the pH from 10.51 to 7. Lake Hardness: 412 mg/l CaCO3. Lake Alkalinity: 89.8 mg/L CaCO3.
3. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3, to soften the water of a village to a final hardness of 40.0 mg/L as CaCO3. Chemical analysis showed that the water contains Na+ (50 mg/L), Ca2+ (150 mg/L), Mg²+ (30 mg/L, HCO3 (100 mg/Las CaCO3), Cl (80 mg/L). and CO2 (5.0 mg/L).
The chemical composition of a water sample is given in the table below. The goal hardness is 80 mg/L as CaCO3 Water composition (mg/L): Ca2+ HCO3 15 SO42- Na* CO2 242 Mg2+ 56 (a) Convert the given ionic concentrations in mg/L to mg/L as CaCO3 (b) What is the total hardness, carbonate hardness and non-carbonate hardness? (C) What is the lime-soda dosage to soften the water to a hardness of 80 mg/L as CaCO3 (d) What is the annual cost...
. 5 points. Using Eq. 4-17 (shown below) calculate the dose of calcium hydroxide in mg Ca(OH)2/L needed to remove the magnesium in a water containing 124 mg MgCl2/L. Ignore subsequent soda ash requirements to remove the added calcium Hint: use one mole of lime per mole of magnesium. Note: this is non-carbonate hardness . 5 points. Briefly explain the formation of "soap scum" in terms of the chemical elements in hard water and "natural" soap. Ca2* Na2CO3 CaCO3(s)2 Na*...
Please need ASAP
Problem 1 (25 pts) The influent water to a water treatment plant that treats 50x10° L/day has a pH of 7.5 and the following composition: eqmolW (g/mol) [1 | (me/L) | [1 (mg/L as CaCO) L) mg/L) | H2COs 100 2 62.0 3.2 161.3 Ca2 100 2 40.0 5.0 250.0 Mg2 40 2 24.4 3.3 163.9 Nat 43.5 20 0.9 23.0 300.0 300 100.0 6.0 ALK 114.6 2.3 96.0 110 SO1 a) Write the chemical reactions controlling...
2. Calculate the amount of lime as Ca(OH)2 (90% pure) and soda ash (93% pure) (each chemical in lb/d) needed to soften the following water using the two-stage excess lime-soda ash treatment process designed for an average daily flow of 4.0 mgd. 15 mg/L as CO2 CO2 Ca2+ 60 mg/L 24 mg/L Na 46 mg/L HCO3 = 200 mg/L 96 mg/L 35 mg/L = CF
Question 30 (4 points) Groundwater defined by the following analysis is to be softened by lime-soda ash treatment. The target total hardness is 90 mg/L as CaCO3, in which CH = 40 mg/L as CaCO3 CO2 = 30 mg/L as CO2 = 120 mg/L as Ca2+ Ca2+ Mg2+ = 48 mg/L as Mg2+ Nat = 46 mg/L as Nat HCO3 = 200 mg/L as Cacos SO42- 96 mg/L as SO42- 35 mg/L as CI FORMULA CO2 CaCO3 EQUIVALENT WEIGHT (S/EW)...
3. 10 points. Calculate the amounts (kg, 100% basis) of H2SO4 and NaOH required in a dual bed ion exchange system to remove the calcium and chloride ions in 1000 m3 of water containing 100 mg CaCl2/L. Assume 100 % efficiency of chemical usage (which is not correct). Hint: use one mole of H2SO4 per mole of Ca, and one mole of NaOH per mole of Cl 4. 5 points. Using Eq. 4-17 (shown below) calculate the dose of calcium...
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