Question

How many grams of dry NH4Cl need to be added to 1.70 L of a 0.100 M solution of ammonia, NH3, to prepare a buffer solu...

How many grams of dry NH4Cl need to be added to 1.70 L of a 0.100 M solution of ammonia, NH3, to prepare a buffer solution that has a pH of 8.62? Kb for ammonia is 1.8×10−5.

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Concepts and reason

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation explains the pH of a buffer solution. A weak base and its salt make a buffer solution. pOH of a buffer solution having a weak base and its salt is given by the following Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

pOH pK, + log salt]
[base]

Fundamentals

At room temperature, pH+pOH 14.00
.Both рК,
and К,
explains strength of a base.

Product of molarity and volume of a solution in liters given the moles of the solution present in the solution.

Multiply moles of a compound with its molar mass to get mass of the compound.

РОН 3D14.0— рН
14.0-8.62
=5.38

pK log K
=-log (1.8x10)
=4.74

Calculate the concentration of NHC
to have buffer solution of pOH 5.38 or pH 8.62.

pOH pK, lo[NH,CI]
[NH,
5.38 4.74 log[NH,CI]
0.1 M
[NH,CI] (5.38-4.74)
log
0.1 M
NH,CI=(105-174)(0.1 M)
-0.437 M

(moles of NH,CI)(molar mass of NH,CI)
(molarity of NH,Clx volume of NH,CI)(molar mass of NH,CI)
(0.437 M x 1.7 L) (53.491 g/m

Ans:

Mass of NHC
solid need to be added to 1.70 L of 0.100 M
solution of ammonia are 39.7 grams.

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