Question

What is the hybridization of phosphorus in each of the following molecules or ions?

What is the hybridization of phosphorus in each of the following molecules or ions?

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

• Hybridization is the phenomenon of intermixing the atomic orbitals of different energy, that results in the formation of set of new atomic orbitals of equivalent energies and shape is called hybridisation.

• Shape of an atomic orbital can be explained using the concept of hybridization.

• There are various types of hybridization involving s, p, d orbitals. Types of hybridization which involves s, p and d orbitals are .

Fundamentals

Hybridization of the central atom is based on the number of electron groups around the central atom.

The important hybridisations involving s, p and d orbitals are given in the below tables.

Number of electron groups	Hybridization	Geometry
2		Linear
3		Trigonal planar
4		Tetrahedral
5		Trigonal bipyramidal
6		Octahedral
7		Pentagonal bipyramidal

Number of electron groups	Hybridization	Number of electron	Geometry
2		0	Linear
3		0	Trigonal planar
4		0	Tetrahedral
4		1	Pyramidal
4		2	Bent
3		1	Bent

Therefore, hybridization of molecule is and its geometry is trigonal pyramidal which is obtained from the table mentioned above.

Therefore, hybridization of molecule is and its geometry is trigonal bipyramidal, which is obtained from the table mentioned above.

Therefore, hybridization of each in molecule is .

Therefore, hybridization of each in molecule is .

Therefore, hybridization of each in molecule is .

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