Question

Select the atoms drawn with valid Lewis dot structures.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

Lewis dot structure are a means of representing the bonds between the atoms in a molecule.

Draw the Lewis dot structure for an atom by placing the electron dots which is equal to the number of the valence electrons around its chemical symbols.

For an ion, place the extra electron dots added or removed from its neutral atom.

Check the actual Lewis dot structures from that given in the question to find the valid structures.

Fundamentals

Valence electrons: The total number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom is known as valence electrons.

Ions: Ions are formed by gaining or loosing of electrons from an atom. They are of two types: Cations and Anions.

• Cations: They are positively charged ions formed by losing of electrons from that atom. For example, ${{\rm{C}}^{4 + }},\;{{\rm{K}}^ + }$ etc.

• Anions: They are negatively charged ions formed by gaining of electrons from that atom. For example, ${{\rm{N}}^{3 - }},\;{{\rm{O}}^{2 - }}$ etc.

Lewis dot structures: They are also called electron dot structure in which the bonding between the atoms in a molecule is shown along with the lone pairs of electron if present.

The Lewis dot structure of an atom is represented by drawing the chemical symbol of an atom which is surrounded by the valence electrons it contains.

To draw a Lewis dot structure of an ion, draw the same number of extra dots around the chemical symbol showing its valence electrons as that added or removed in forming that ion.

The Lewis dot structure for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen respectively are:

The Lewis dot structure given in the question for the above 3 atoms are as follows:

The Lewis dot structure for ions of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen that is ${{\rm{C}}^{4 + }},\;{{\rm{N}}^{3 - }},\;{{\rm{O}}^{2 - }}$ respectively are:

The Lewis dot structure given in the question for the above 3 atoms are as follows:

Ans:

The valid Lewis dot structures are:

and