Question

Difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and examples of each.

Difference between a focused and complete assessment.

When is it appropriate to conduct a focused assessment versus a complete assessment?

Review chapter 22 and what part of the assessment process falls into each section

Guidelines for accurate documentation in the medical record..

Assessment of pain in adults? Children?

Physiologic signs/symptoms exhibited by somebody in pain.

Define and know cause(s) of cyanosis, jaundice, pallor, erythema, acne, and pruritus. Know how to assess for these conditions.

Describe technique and be able to identify each (gross) hearing test by name.

Know about tactile fremitus, bronchophony, egophony, abnormal lung sounds, and AP:lateral ratio AND expected breath sounds

What happens to cause S1 and S2 heart sounds? Auscultatory sites for S1 and S2?

Assessment of bruits: normal versus abnormal findings?

Pay attention to the different assessment techniques that we have practiced in lab; study the different test types that we perform and the expected findings for each test (review you head-to-toe sheet).

Cranial Nerves – know the number, name, test to assess and function for the ones that have been reviewed through the body systems completed

Answer 1

1.There is three type of prevention :

• primary prevention
• secondary prevention
• tertiary prevention

primary prevention

In primary prevention, it is the prevention of disease or injury before it begins.

eg: immunization, balanced diet, regular exercise

secondary prevention

early diagnosis and treatment of disease or injury and prevent further complication.

eg: screening of hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus

tertiary prevention

Rehabilitation of those, following any disease condition or disability like re-educate or re-train.

eg: train to walk after an amputation

2.

focused assessment

A detailed assessment is done to a specific body system or more systems based on the current problem. Any additional eg: detailed assessment of the respiratory system and the integumentary system would be helpful to find out Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

1.Health history
2. General survey
3. Measuring vital signs
4. Assessing body systems
5. Psychosocial information

comprehensive assessment

It is mainly done as a part of the admission procedure or initial assessment. Nurse do a full body assessment at a glance and include in patient care plan.

Guidelines for accurate documentation in the medical record.

• patient identification should be mention in every piece of records.
• entries should be legible and if paper records, should be documented in blue or black ink.
• after documentation, entries should be dated and signed by respective personal.
• data should be documented as soon as possible at correct time.
• only standard abbreviations should be used in documentation.
• All patient details including contact details should be included.

Assessment of pain in neonates

pain is assessed in neonates by neonates pain rating scale ( NPR-S): Four indicators are used to assess pain such as crying, Requires oxygen for saturation above 95%, Increasing vital signs, Expression and Sleepless.scores are between 0 and 2, the minimum score is 0 and maximum is 10. For infants FLACC Scale is using.