National Business Machine Co. (NBM) has $8 million of extra cash
after taxes have been paid. NBM has two choices to make use of this
cash. One alternative is to invest the cash in financial assets.
The resulting investment income will be paid out as a special
dividend at the end of three years. In this case, the firm can
invest either in Treasury bills yielding 3 percent or in 5 percent
preferred stock. Another alternative is to pay out the cash now as
dividends. This would allow the shareholders to invest on their own
in Treasury bills with the same yield or in preferred stock. The
corporate tax rate is 35 percent. Assume the investor has a 31
percent personal income tax rate, which is applied to interest
income and preferred stock dividends. The personal dividend tax
rate is 15 percent on common stock dividends. The corporate
dividend exclusion of 100 percent applies. Should the cash be paid
today or in three years?
a. Which of the two options
generates the higher after-tax income for the shareholders?
(Round the final answers to 2 decimal places. Do not round
intermediate calculations. Omit $ sign in your
response.)
If the firm makes the investment | ||
After-tax cash flow to shareholders: | ||
T-bills | $ | |
Preferred stock | $ | |
If the firm pays out dividend and individual makes the investment | ||
Future value of investment: | ||
T-bills | $ | |
Preferred stock | $ | |
Option 1: If the firm makes the investment:
After tax cash flows for shareholders:
T-bills:- Amount invested=8 million, after tax yield= 3*(1-0.35)=2%
Maturity amount after tax= 8*[1+0.02]3= 8.49 million.
Net cash flow paid to shareholders= 8.49*(1-0.15)= 7.22 million
Preferred stock:- Amount invested=8 million, after tax yield= 5*(1-0.35)=3.25%
Maturity amount after tax= 8*[1+0.0325]3 =8.81 million.
Net cash flow paid to shareholders= 8.81*(1-0.15)= 7.49 million
Option 2: If the firm pays out dividend & individual makes the investment:
Amount paid as dividend by the firm= 8 million*(1-0.15)=6.8 million.
After tax cash flows for shareholders:
T-bills:- Amount invested=6.8 million, after tax yield= 3*(1-0.31)=2.07%
Maturity amount after tax= 6.8*[1+0.0207]3= 7.23 million.
Preferred stock:- Amount invested=6.8 million, after tax yield= 5*(1-0.31)=3.45%
Maturity amount after tax= 6.8*[1+0.0345]3 =7.53 million.
CONCLUSION: Since the after-tax cash flows to the shareholders is more under option 2, the firm should pay the cash now & let the investors invest.
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