Question

When the transition metal materials are dissolved in the aqueous solution (e.g. Cu(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, K2CrO4, NiSO4), the solutions have color(such as blue, green and yellow color). Why do transition metal complexes make colored compounds in solution? Describe the relevant theory and reasons.

Answer 1

que - why do transition metal shows colour compound es aqous solution (40) Answer Generally transition element is Charactised by having 'd' orbitals. The Ability a transtion element to shows the colour B due unpaired electron present in d orbital or vaccant d' orbitals Because a unpaired é in d'orbitals transition element have ability to absorb. the visible light and shows the colour. ₂ when metal es not bonded to anything else. these d' orbitals are degenerate, ie having psame energy Jevel. o when the metal start bonding with other ligand this d orbitals are changes. Que to different symmetries a d' orbitals and inductive effect q ligand one the election, the stat d' orbitals split apart and become non degenerate have different e energy level)

This theory is called Crystal field Theory Colour - If the configuration of d' orbital és ďto de shows colour. If having d § d'o configuration are colourless. Transition metal absorb the risible light and shows ets complementaof colour. complementary colours are Spleeting 4 d'oobrtals osta hedoal complex 1 dez da dop dez dez bet Joz drea

1) Cu (NO) Cut cut + 2NO [Ar] 3d 43 30 45 Nog unpaired è = 2 because of unpaired é shows colour. 2) Fe(NO3) - Fest + 3Nog Fet - [Ar] 3d 45° n=5 (23) 3d Having fire unpaired è shows colour. 3) Kaerop - akt + Grote 4 Nisou Ni²+ + soy² Nizf - [Ar]3d 45° do INN1 o Doug unpassed electon & Hence shows colour

colour 9 transition metal complexes depends on following factor. and transition 2) charge transfer 3 nature of eligend 4 nature of metal & et configuration 3 Geometry complex