Vital Signs: Respirations
a. What are the centers that control respirations?
b. What is the purpose of measuring respirations?
c. What factors are noted when assessing a client’s
respirations?
d. Explain the usual difference in respirations between males and
females.
e. What factors affect respirations and in what ways do they affect
respirations?
f. Define the following terms: ventilatory pattern;
hyperventilation; hypoventilation, tachypnea; bradypnea; eupnea;
dyspnea; orthopnea; apnea.
Respiration
a.The respiratory center is located in the brain at the medulla oblongata and pons.They are the main centers which controls the respiration
b.The purpose of measuring the respiration are
c.Thte factors which are noted during the respiration are
d.The difference are the female lung volume is less when compared to adult of same age.
Women inhales more oxygen during exercise
e.Respiration is affected by
f.ventilatory pattern:
Hyperventilation:increased level of oxygen in lungs
Hypoventilation:Decrease oxygen in the lungs
Tachypnea:increased respiratory rate, usually greater than 24bpm
Bradypnea:decreased respiratory rate, usually less than 12bpm
Eupnea:normal respiration
Orthopnea:the patient will have difficulty in breathing when lying down
Apnea:absence of breathing
Vital Signs: Respirations a. What are the centers that control respirations? b. What is the purpose...
Vital Signs: Pulse a) Define pulse. What is the purpose of measuring a pulse? b) On accompanying diagram, mark the various sites for measuring heart rate. What are the two (2) most commonly used sites when measuring heart rate in adults? c) Identify factors that affect pulse rate. Which factors tend to elevate pulse rate? Which factors tend to lower pulse rate? d) State the rationale for assessing the following prior to taking a client’s pulse below: i) emotional and...
Vital Signs: Blood Pressure a. What is blood pressure? What is the purpose of assessing blood pressure? b. What is the standard unit for measuring blood pressure? What is the difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure? c. Various factors can affect blood pressure. Some of these are listed below. Discuss the differences with each of these factors. i) age example: BP is lower in children than in adults. ii) gender iii) race iv) diurnal rhythm v) weight...
Vital Signs Case Study Mr. Charles Lamont is a 64-year-old patient who is visiting his primary care physician with complaints of vomiting x 3 days and inability to keep anything down. His wife is waiting for him in the lobby. She is hoping that Mr. Lamont will tell the physician about his recent bout of coughing and shortness of breath. He smokes 1½ packs of cigarettes per day. His wife has been encouraging him to stop, but he has not...
HEIGHT AND WEIGHT a. What is the purpose in assessing height and weight? b. What factors affect weight? c. Describe the technique for measuring height and weight in (i) Adults who are weight bearing (ii) Adults who are unable to bear weight (iii) Children and infants
Vital Signs: Oxygen Saturation (Pulse Oximetry) a. What does “oxygen saturation” mean. b. What is acceptable range for oxygen saturation. c. List 5 factors that affect accurate interpretation of Pulse Oxygen Saturation (Sp02).
Vital Signs: Temperature a) What is the centre for controlling body temperature? b) What are the factors that affect body temperature? Which factors tend to elevate body temperature? Which factors tend to lower body temperature? c) Identify the three (3) types of thermometers that can be used to measure body temperature. How would you choose a glass thermometer for oral use versus rectal use? d) Identify the four (4) sites for taking temperature. What are the advantages, disadvantages, and contraindications...