Question

To probe very tiny regions of space (such as the inside of a proton) with electron beams, you need electron beams of very high energy. Why? Can you estimate the kind of energy needed to study a region of diameter d?

Answer 1

To probe a very tiny region we need an electron or any probe whose wavelength is comparable or smaller than to size of the target. And as we know energy(E) in term of wavelength$(\lambda )$ is given by,

$E=\frac{hc}{\lambda }$

So we can see E is inversely proportional to $\lambda$ and in our case target is very tiny so wavelength of probe will also be very small .Thus energy required becomes very high.

Now given that diameter is d i.e. ( $\lambda$ =d)

So,  $E=\frac{hc}{d}$

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