Question

Case Study 12- Joanne, a 44 year old women, has recently suffered from a sinus infection and was given amoxicillin. Although, her sinus infection has cleared up she has developed other symptoms. is experience a cloudy white smelly vaginal discharge that is associated with a burning itch. She visit her OBGYN and he takes a sample of the discharge. Staining indicates yeast cells What is the infecting microorganism? Epidemiology: How does this organism enter the body and how does it spread within the body and go from person to person? How was this disease contracted? Pathogenesis: What are the virulence factors? How does this organism cause pathology? Clinical Manifestations: What are the signs and symptoms of the disease? How does the disease present itself to the health-care professional? Laboratory Finding: How would you diagnose this organism? What should you find? Treatment and Prevention: How would you treat this disease, and how would you prevent contraction of this organism? 109 I

Answer 1

Vaginitis isoften caused by an infection. A vaginal yeast infection caused by a type of yeast is called Candida Albicans. A yeast infection is also called a candidate infection or Candidiasis.

2A vaginal yeast infection isn't considered a sexually transmitted infection. But there is an increased risk of vaginal yeast infection at the time of first regular sexual activity. It is associated with infections linked to mouth to genital contact.

3 Change in the patients resistance to Infection immunocompromised state, and antibiotic use permits the sudden proliferation of Csnfida albicans. Superficial infection occurs with overgrowth of the organism on the mucus membrane due to changes in the normal floea. Invasive infections result when the organism volonizes on the mucocutaneous surfaces. a disruption of the surface allows the organism to enter the body and travel to the blood stream

Virulence factors are

• Adhesion to host surfaces.
• Invasion of epithelial cells.
• Penetration beyond epithelia.
• Obtaining nutrients-lack of iron.
• Opposing host defences.

4 The disease presents with

• Itching
• Burning
• Soreness
• Thick white vaginal discharge, foul smelling
• Redness and swelling of the vulva.