Question

Wollogong Group Ltd. of New South Wales, Australia, acquired its factory building about 10 years ago. For several years, the company has rented out a small annex attached to the rear of the building. The company has received a rental income of $30,000 per year on this space. The renter's lease will expire soon, and rather than renewing the lease, the company has decided to use the space itself to manufacture a new product. Direct materials cost for the new product will total $80 per unit. To have a place to store finished units of product, the company will rent a small warehouse nearby. The rental cost will be $500 per month. In addition, the company must rent equipment for use in producing the new product, the rental cost will be $4,000 per month. Workers will be hired to manufacture the new product, with direct labor cost amounting to $60 per unit. The space in the annex will continue to be depreciated on a straight-line basis, as in prior years. This depreciation is $8,000 per year Advertising costs for the new product will total $50,000 per year. A supervisor will be hired to oversee production; her salary will be $3,500 per month. Electricity for operating machines will be $1.20 per unit. Costs of shipping the new product to customers will be $9 per unit. To provide funds to purchase materials, meet payrolls, and so forth, the company will have to liquidate some temporary investments. These investments are presently yielding a return of about $3,000 per year. equired: Using the table shown below, describe each of the costs associated with the new product decision in four ways. In terms of cost classifications for predicting cost behavior (column 1), indicate whether the cost is fixed or variable. With respect to cost classifications for manufacturers (column 2), if the item is a manufacturing cost, indicate whether it is direct materials, direct labor, or manufacturing overhead. If it is a nonmanufacturing cost, then select "none" as your answer. With respect to cost classifications for preparing financial statements (column 3), indicate whether the item is a product cost or period cost. Finally, in terms of cost classifications for decision making (column 4), identify any items that are sunk costs or opportunity costs. If you identify an item as an opportunity cost, then select "none" as your answer in columns 1-3 Cost Classifications for: Predicting Cost behavior Preparing Financial Statements Name of the Cost Manufacturers Decision Making Rental revenue forgone, $30,000 per year Direct materials cost, $80 per unit Rental cost of warehouse, $500 per month Rental cost of equipment, $4,000 per month Direct labor cost, $60 per unit Depreciation of the annex space, $8,000 per year Advertising cost, $50,000 per year Supervisor's salary, $3,500 per month Electricity for machines, $1.20 per unit Shipping cost, $9 per unit Return earned on investments, $3,000 per year

Answer 1

Name of cost Cost behavior Manufacturers Preparing F.S Decision making

Rental revenue    None   None None opportunity cost

Material cost Variable cost Direct material Product cost Sunk cost

Cost of warehouse Fixed cost None Period cost Sunk cost

Cost of equipment Fixed cost None Period cost Sunk cost

Labour cost Variable cost Direct labour Product cost Sunk cost

Depreciation Fixed cost Manufacturing OH Period cost Sunk cost

Advertisement Fixed cost None Period cost Sunk cost

Supervision salary Fixed cost Manufacturing OH Period cost Sunk cost

Electricity cost Variable cost Manufacturing OH Product cost Sunk cost

Shipping cost    Variable cost None    Product cost Sunk cost

Return on investment None None None Opportunity cost

*OH = overhead

Explanation

Fixed cost = which is not change as change in output

Variable cost = cost change with change in output

Product cost = cost directly attributable to product

Period cost = cost which is not related to product ,It is related to period eg month,year

Opportunity cost = Revenue foregone to invest in other project.

Sunk cost = Non cash cost or cost which is already incurred