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4 Explain and illustrate graphically the effect of an increase in expected inflation on interest rates? (Hint: interest rates
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Increase in the expected inflation reduces the real return that firms expect when they invest. This implies lower profitability and so firms demand fewer bonds. At the same time, firms that issue bonds find it relatively attractive to issue new bonds when inflation is expected to rise. This implies firms will issue more bonds. Combining these events, demand curve for bonds would shift left and supply curve of bonds would shift right. This reduces the price of bonds. Interest rate, therefore, is likely to increase when inflation is expected to be higher, since bond price and interest rate are inversely related

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