Assume that there are two non-empty closed subsets S1 and S2 of the state space of a Markov chain. Show that this Markov chain is not irreducible ( that is, the state space is not irreducible)
Assume that there are two non-empty closed subsets S1 and S2 of the state space of...
4·Let A and B be non-empty subsets of a space X. Prove that A U B is disconnected if A n B)U(A nB) 0. Prove that X is connected if and only if for every pair of non-empty subsets A and B of X such that X A U B we have (A B)U (An B)O.
Assume that Kis a non-empty closed set In Banach space V and that T:K → K. Prove that the iteration method xn+1 = T(x") n = 0,1,2 ... converges (prove that || x— x|| →0, as n →0)
(3) (10 points) Let H and K be non-empty subsets of a vector space V. The sum of H and K, written H + K, is the set of all vectors in V that can be written as the sum of two vectors, one in H and the other in K: that is H + K = {W EVw = u + v, for some u E H and v EK}. Show that if H and K are subspaces of...
Show that if there is two sets S1 and S2, S1 and S2 are Jordan regions so is S1 \ (S1 ∩ S2).
Problem 7.4 (10 points) A Markov chain Xo, X1, X2,.. with state space S = {1,2,3,4} has the following transition graph 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 0.5 0.5 (a) Provide the transition matrix for the Markov chain (b) Determine all recurrent and all transient states (c) Determine all communication classes. Is the Markov chain irreducible? (d) Find the stationary distribution (e) Can you say something about the limiting distribution of this Markov chain? Problem 7.4 (10 points) A...
1. Why do S1 and S2 exist? 2. Where does equation 2 come from? subsets of a vector space and let S, be a subset of S2. Then Let Si and S2 be finite subsets of a vector the following statements are true: (a) If S, is linearly dependent, so is S2. (b) If S2 is linearly independent, so is Si. Proof Let Si = {V1, V2, ..., vk and S2 = {V1, V2, ..., Vk, Vx+1, ..., Vm). We...
Let P(X) be the power set of a non-empty set X. For any two subsets A and B of X, define the relation A B on P(X) to mean that A union B = 0 (the empty set). Justify your answer to each of the following? Isreflexive? Explain. Issymmetric? Explain. Istransitive? Explain.
7. Let A, , An be non-empty subsets of a finite set Ω. If 1 k n and Ek is the set of elements in Ω which belong to at least k of the Ai's show that Pal i-1 7. Let A, , An be non-empty subsets of a finite set Ω. If 1 k n and Ek is the set of elements in Ω which belong to at least k of the Ai's show that Pal i-1
2. A Markov chain is said to be doubly stochastic if both the rows and columns of the transition matrix sum to 1. Assume that the state space is {0, 1,....m}, and that the Markov chain is doubly stochastic and irreducible. Determine the stationary distribution T. (Hint: there are two approaches. One is to solve T P and ( 1 in general for doubly stochastic matrices. The other is to first solve a few examples, then make an educated guess...
2. A Markov chain is said to be doubly stochastic if both the rows and columns of the transition matrix sum to 1. Assume that the state space is {0, 1,....m}, and that the Markov chain is doubly stochastic and irreducible. Determine the stationary distribution T. (Hint: there are two approaches. One is to solve T P and ( 1 in general for doubly stochastic matrices. The other is to first solve a few examples, then make an educated guess...