Question

Define the term big data? What Data sources might be included in big data? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using big data for epidemiology research

Question 1 Administrators at Tex as A&M Universty were interested in estim ating the percentage of students who are the first in their fam ily to go to college. The A&M student bodyhasabout 46,000 m em bers. He randomly selected 250 students and then sent an em ail to ask the question. 115 students claim to be the first in their fam ily to go to college ldentify the population of interest Identify the sample Identify the parameter Identify the statistic.

Answer 1

#Business intelligence systems are info that process operational, social and other data to identify patterns, relationships, and trends for use by business professional.

Dara warehouse are central repositories of integrated data from one or more disparate sources such as operational, social, aggregators etc

Market basket analysis is unsupervised data mining technique that identifies sales pattern in large volumes of data and what products customers tend to buy together. It computes probabilities of purchases and cross-selling opportunities.

Big data is a term which is used to describe any data set that is so large and complex, that is difficult to process using traditional applications.

Big data is a term used to describe data sets that are too large to be captured, managed and processed with commonly used software tools. The sheer size of the data combined with the need for complex analysis has led to new forms of technology and tools being created. These technologies aid in making the volume of the information easily.

Big data are high volume, high velocity, and high variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making.

Big data are data that exceeds the reach of commonly used hardware environments and or capabilities of software tools to capture, manage and process it within a tolerable time span.

# Big data can come from anywhere and everywhere through Web logs, RFID, GPS systems, Sensor networks, Social networks, Internet-based text documents, Internet search indexes, Detail call records, astronomy, Atmospheric science,Biology,Genomics,Nuclear Physics,Biochemical experiments,Medical records,Scientific research,Military Surveillance Multimedia archives etc...

or otherwise, we can say that the sources of big data are :

a. Archives (Medical Records)

b.Machine logs (Audit log from a server)

c.Public web (Weather, traffic or economic data)

d.Sensor data (Wearable devices or satellites)

e.Social media (Facebook or Google plus)

#There are both advantages and disadvantages of using big data for epidemiologic research.

The advantages of big data are:

*It can cover large numbers of people and even up to entire populations

*It also can be analyzed to uncover distributions and determinants associated with a health problem

The disadvantages of big data are:

*The epidemiological research is the concern for personal privacy, validity, reliability, appropriate use of study designs.

*Another common error is the incorrect identification of cases when record linkage is used to combine records

*The population of interest is the collection of all individuals that possess the variable of interest

Here the population of interest is the students who are the first in their family to go to college.

*A sample is a portion of the population chosen in such a way so as to reliably represent the population

In the present scenario randomly selected 250 students from the total of 46,000 members

*Parameters refers to a complete population or

A parameter is a numerical summary of a variable distribution in a given population/Parameter is a value for the entire population

Here in the present scenario, the parameter is,46,000 students who are at the first in their family to go to college

*Statistic is a value for a subset of a population or a refers to a sample or a statistic refers to a sample

In the present scenario, the statistic is randomly selected 250 students from 46000 students who are at the first in their family to go to college.