question 24:
Trend on public health and preventive medicine:
1. Cigaratte smoking increase the risk of lung cancer.
2. Smoking also increase the risk of cardio vascular diseases.
3. Disease among exposed people are increasing..
4. Mortality rate also increasing.
28.
Answer:
Yes, cigarettes smoking will have strong association with diseases.
Strong association.
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 over a 4-year period (April 1948-February 1952). Initially, 20 hospitals, and later more, were asked to...
Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain. The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The...
QUESTION 15: WHAT DO THESE RESULTS TELL YOU? QUESTION 16: WHAT ARE THE OTHER POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS FOR THE APPARENT ASSOCIATION? INCLUDE AND EXPLAIN 3 SPECIFIC BIAS THAT PERTAIN TO THIS STUDY. Lung Cancer & Smoking Case Study A causal relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer was first suspected in the 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and...
The study also provided mortality rates for cardiovascular disease among smokers and non-smokers. The following table presents lung cancer mortality data and comparable cardiovascular disease mortality data. Table 2. Mortality rates (per 1,000 person-years), rate ratios, and excess deaths from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease by smoking status, Doll and Hill physician cohort study, Great Britain, 1951-1961. Mortality rate per 1,000 person-years Smokers Non-smokers All Rate ratio Excess deaths Attributable risk per 1,000 person-years smokers 1.23 2.19 percent among 1.30...
The cohort study also provided mortality rates for cardiovascular disease among smokers and nqnsmokers. The following table presents lung cancer mortanty data an cardiovascular disease mortality data. ortality rates (per 1,000 person-years), rate ratios, and excess deaths from lung cancer an cardiovascular disease by smoking status, Doll and Hill physician cohort study, Great Britain, 1951-1961 Attributable risk percent among Mortality rate per 1000 person-years Non-smokers 0.07 7.32 Excess deaths per 1,000 Rate ratio ponears mokers 1.3 Lung cancer 1.37 0.99...
An changessavednDrive Question 23: How many lung cancer deaths per 1,000 persons per year are attributable to smoking among the entire population? How many cardiovascular discase deaths? What do these results tell you? The following table shows the relationship between smoking and lung cancer mortality in terms of the effects of stopping smoking Table 5. Number and rate (per 1,000 person-years) of lung cancer deaths for current smokers and smokers by years since quitting. Doll and Hill physician cobort study,...
The death rate per 100,000 for lung cancer is 7 among nonsmokers and 71 among smokers. The death rate per 100,000 for coronary thrombosis is 422 among nonsmokers and 599 among smokers. The prevalence of smoking in the population is 55%. What is the relative risk (RR) of dying of lung cancer for smokers versus nonsmokers? Interpret the finding. What is the relative risk (RR) of dying of coronary thrombosis for smokers versus nonsmokers? Interpret the finding. What is the...
never Mortality due to lung cancer was followed in groups of males in stopped the United Kingdom for 50 years. Figure 2 shows the cumulative risk of dying from lung cancer as a function of age and smoking habits for four groups of males: those who never smoked, those who stopped at age 30, those who stopped at age 50, and those stopped who continued to smoke. These data show clearly that an age 50 individual can substantially reduce their...
In a study of the effects of smoking on lung cancer, 100 men with lung cancer were compared to 100 men without lung cancer. Among those with lung cancer, 80 had a previous history of smoking. Among the comparison group, 45 had a previous history of smoking. What type of study design was used for this investigation of the association between smoking and lung cancer? Prospective cohort study Retrospective cohort study Case-control study Clinical trial None of the answers listed
Paragraph Styles Refer to the following for text for the questions below A causal r 1920s on the basis of clinical observations. To test this apparent association, numerous epidemiologic studies were undertaken between 1930 and 1960. Two studies were conducted by Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill in Great Britain. The first was a case-control study begun in 1947 comparing the smoking habits of lung cancer patients with the smoking habits of other patients. The second was a cohort study...