Question

Patient History A fully functional, independent woman who is nearly 100 years old lives with her...

Patient History

A fully functional, independent woman who is nearly 100 years old lives with her 2 daughters. A history finds that she has:

  • High blood pressure
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Cataracts
  • Hearing impairments
  • Knee osteoarthritis

Her medications are lisinopril, furosemide, ASA, and metoprolol.

Presentation and Examination

Patient develops abdominal pain increasing over 5 days; obstipation for 1 day. She is acutely ill and she appeared uncomfortable and volume depleted. On exam, she has abdominal distention, hypoactive bowel sound with no palpable mass. Her heart is enlarged and no S3.

Laboratory Findings:

  • WBC............13290
  • HCT...................42
  • Na...................150
  • K......................2.6
  • Bun/creatinine......normal

An abdominal CT scan shows the cecum is very dilated to 13cm and the left image show a possible mass in the descending colon.

She was in the emergency department two hours then admitted to a non-intensive care surgical unit and cared for by a general surgeon and a geriatrician.

Upon Admission to Your Floor

There was an urgency to get her to surgery as delays would likely lead to complications. Prior to surgery, careful anesthesia planning and intra-operative management was designed. A shortened bowel prep was initiated.

A left hemicolectomy was performed on day 2. Pain was controlled with low doses of morphine and fluid management was tightly managed. She was provided a single, quiet room and a family member stayed with her continuously.

The patient was discharged to subacute rehabilitation on day 5, and then to home on day 10.

  1. What is your pre-op assessment, management, and treatment as an RN for this patient?
  2. What are your considerations with post-op assessment, management, and treatment?
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Answer #1

Pre-op

Assessment:

Subjective data

  • Abdominal pain
  • Constipation

Objective data

  • Fragile
  • Uncomfortable
  • Distended abdomen and pain
  • Decreased peristaltuc movement
  • Volume depleted
  • Increased WBC,Sodium HCT
  • Decreased potassium levels
  • No S3 soundvwith enlarged heart

Management

  • To provide comfort measures and devices to reduce pain
  • Encourage fluid intake to hydrate self to prevent dehydration by IV fluids
  • Maintain vitals and intake and output records
  • Necessary lab test for surgery
  • Explain about the procedure and make sure the consent is taken from the concerned healthcare provider.
  • Monitor blood sugar levels as correction of potassium with insulin can increase the glucose levels

Treatment

  • Pre op preparation
  • Clearing the bowel to remove stool impaction
  • Administration of analgesics as per order to relieve pain and discomfort
  • Correction of serum electrolyte levels to normal

Post -op

Assessment

Subjective data

  • Pain in surgical site

Objective data

  • Dressing on the surgical site

Management

  • Administer medication as per order
  • Prioritize the plan of care
  • Observe for signs of post op complications
  • Assess for prostatic movements by auscultation
  • Preventing bed sore due to immobility post operatively
  • Accurate fluid management to prevent hyper or hypovolemia
  • Infection control practices

Treatment

  • Antibiotics, Analgesics post operatively to prevent infection and reduce pain
  • Early mobilization to ensure return of normal activity
  • Dressing,wound car
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