Question

Procedure Your mission is to separate a mixture of trans-cinnamic acid, 4-phenylphenol, and nicotinamide by extraction. Start by dissolving/suspending two grams of the mixture in approximately 50 mL of diethyl ether. (Caution: Diethyl ether is extremely flammable! Extract the ether twice with -25 mL of 5% HCl and then twice with -25 mL 5% sodium bicarbonate. It is not necessary to extract the 4- phenylphenol with NaOH solution since it is the only component left after extracting the trans-cinnamic acid and nicotinamide. Dry the ether layer with a small scoop of sodium sulfate (or magnesium sulfate), gravity filter with fluted filter paper, and place the solution in a pre-weighed round bottomed flask. Your instructor will guide you through the use the rotary evaporator (aka rotovap) so that you can quickly evaporate off your solvent. Neutralize the aqueous solutions. If a precipitate forms, collect the separated compound by vacuum filtration. If no precipitate forms after neutralizing, back- extract (twice w/ -25 mL) with dichloromethane to obtain the separated compound. Dry the CH.Cl, layer with a small scoop of sodium sulfate (or magnesium sulfate), gravity filter with fluted filter paper, and place the solution in a pre-weighed round bottomed flask. This solution will also be concentrated using the rotovap. The above description is purposely vague. You need to think through the process of separating the various components and develop a detailed procedure for accomplishing this task. Read through the extraction chapter in your Zubrick (Chapter 11) and make a flow chart showing what happens to the various components at each step in the separation process. An example flow chart for the sample extraction is attached to the last page. Note that your flow chart will be different, and should include the process by which the salts are recovered from the aqueous phases. The flow chart is a visual way to following a mixture as it becomes divided up by selective extractions. You begin with a box containing a listing of the components and solvent. You can use abbreviations, such as RCO-H, for a carboxylic acid. As you perform an extraction the box branches to two new boxes. Write the solvent on the branching arrows and list the components, contained in each solvent, inside the box. When you work up a solution (dry and remove the solvent), you can list the drying agent over an arrow pointing to a sample number, which you've assigned. Use labeling system as discussed earlier this quarter (such as JME013A or JME013B) to name each compound.

can you pleas help me making a Flow chart for separation a mixture of trans-cinnamic acid,

4-phenylphenol, and nicotinamide by extraction?

thank you

Answer 1

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