Question

00 such as arteriosclerosis may also affect the lungs. Lung reduction surgery is frequently performed to debulk a tumor. REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Explain the process of breathing, including the influence of negative pressure in the thoracic cavity. 2. Why must a closed chest drainage unit be kept lower than the patient's body? 3. What are the differences among lobectomy, pneumonec- tomy, and segmental resection? 4. What is the difference between thoracotomy and thoracos- tomy? 5. Explain pneumothorax and why it occurs. 6. What is the purpose of debulking a tumor? 7. What instruments are needed to perform a rib resection? BIBLIOGRAPHY Ferri E. editor: Ferri's clinical advisor 2012, Philadelphia, 2011, Mosby. . Amancio I editors: Operative surgery manual, Philadelphia, 8

Answer 1

ANSWER-1) Process of breathing -

Process of breathing is divided into two distinct phases, inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation) . During expiration , the diaphragm relaxes and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases , while the pressure with in it increases . As a result , the lungs contract and air is forced out.

3) Lobectomy - Surgical removal of a lobe of lung.

Pneumonectomy -Surgical removal of a lung or a part of a lung.

Segmental resection -It is a surgical procedure to remove part of an organ or gland as a sub type of a resection which involve removing the whole body part.

4)Thoracotomy - is a surgical procedure to open the chest .

Thoracostomy -is a small incision of the chest wall with maintenance of opening for drainage .

5) Pneumothorax -is a abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall.

7) instrument used in rib resection -

• 2 periosteal elevators
• 2 endoscopic bone nibblers
• 1 rib cutter