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Define LIFO and FIFO and state the tax benefits of each. Also, can either LIFO or...

Define LIFO and FIFO and state the tax benefits of each. Also, can either LIFO or FIFO be used to massage the numbers in any way?

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LIFO is used for the valuation of the inventory in which the inventory is purchased last should be sold first. At the time of rising prices, COGS will be high because goods which were acquired recently would be costly due to which profit will decrease. Profit in LIFO usually remains more than FIFO as the last inventory is sold out first.

FIFO is used by most of the enterprises. In this method, the inventory which is purchased first
should be sold first. With this method, inventory wastage can be reduced in the case of
perishable goods. At the time of falling prices, COGS will be high because goods which were
acquired first were costly due to which profit from FIFO will be less than the profit from LIFO.

Therefore, an entity has to pay more taxes in case of LIFO as more profit is earned through LIFO and if the entity use FIFO, it needs to pay fewer taxes due to lower-income.

FIFO is used to massage the numbers as it shows the lower profit to control the tax expenses. The purpose of this method is not to manipulate the balance sheet but control the revenues for tax purposes.

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