Question

Respiratory Conditions Explain the following terms and conditions as per the given example.

Terminology   Conditions

Asthma Asthma Inflammatory disease of the airway caused by narrowing of airways and bronchospasm characterised by expiratory wheeze Terminology

18.1) Bronchiectasis 18.2) Bronchoscopy 18.3) COPD/ COAD 18.4) Pneumonia 18.5) Pulmonary fibrosis 18.6) Spirometry 18.7) Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Answer 1

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) . The two main types are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The main cause of COPD is long-term exposure to substances that irritate and damage the lungs. This is usually cigarette smoke. Air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust can also cause it.

Bronchiectasis is a condition in which damage to the airways causes them to widen and become flabby and scarred. The airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs.

Bronchoscopy is a procedure that looks inside the lung airways. It involves inserting a bronchoscope tube, with its light and small camera, through your nose or mouth, down your throat into your trachea, or windpipe, and to the bronchi and bronchioles of your lungs.

Pneumonia is the inflammation of lung tissues, followed by the accumulation of blood cells, fibrin and exudates in the alveoli. Affected part of the lungs becomes consolidate

Pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease that occurs when lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred. This thickened, stiff tissue makes it more difficult for your lungs to work properly. As pulmonary fibrosis worsens, you become progressively more short of breath.

Spirometry is a simple test used to help diagnose and monitor certain lung conditions by measuring how much air you can breathe out in one forced breath. It's carried out using a device called a spirometer, which is a small machine attached by a cable to a mouthpiece.

The infection of upper respiratory tract, mostly viral which includes the mouth, nose, sinus, throat, larynx (voice box), and trachea (windpipe). Upper respiratory infections are often referred to as colds.