Question

Name HLTH8005 Professional Pharmacy Technician Drug Information Assignment #1 16- Down Across 2. TETRACYCLINE 3. CEFIXIME 4. PREDNISOLONE 1. NEORAL 7. AMPICILLIN 10. CEFTIBUTEN II. TOBRAMYCIN 5. MINOCIN 6. RIBAVIRIN 8. SPORANOX 9, GRIS-PEG 12. NEVIRAPINE 13. AMANTADINE 14. EPIVIR 18. BUDESONIDE 19. CEFDINIR 20. AZATHIOPRINE 21. CRIXIVAN 15. PREDNISONE 16. ZIDOVUDINE 17. NITROFURANTOIN

Answer 1

Drug information :-

1. Neoral / Cyclosporine - therapeutic class - Immunosuppressant

# Cyclosporine Pharmacologic Class

Calcineurin inhibitor

# Actions

- complex chemical obtained from a soil fungus

- Inhibits helper T cells

- compared to other immunosuppressants it is less toxic to bone marrow cells

- for transplant pts: often used w/ high doses of a glucocorticoid

# Uses

- prophylaxis of kidney, heart and liver transplant rejection

- psoriasis

- xerophthalmia (eye condition of diminished tear production caused by ocular inflammation)

- IV form available for transplant rejection, severe cases of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease

# Administration Alerts

- Pregnancy Category C

- Neoral and Sandimmune are NOT bioequivalent and cannot be used interchangeably w/o close supervision by the hcp

# Adverse Effects

- primarily occurs in the kidneys, with up to 75% of pts experiencing reduction in urine output

- Over 50% of pts: hypertension and tremor

- Other common: headache, gingival hyperplasia, elevated hepatic enzymes

- Periodic blood counts are necessary to ensure WBC's don't fall below 4,000 or platelets below 75,000

- Long-term therapy increases risk of malignancy - especially lymphomas and skin cancers

# Contraindications

prior hypersensitivity to the drug

2. Tetracycline - Tetracyclines are used to treat infections and to help control acne. Demeclocycline, doxycycline, and minocycline also may be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. Tetracyclines will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

Tetracycline antibiotics are protein synthesis inhibitors. They inhibit the initiation of translation in variety of ways by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, which is made up of 16S rRNA and 21 proteins. They inhibit the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA translation complex.

Side effects :-

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomach, loss of appetite;

white patches or sores inside your mouth or on your lips;

swollen tongue, black or "hairy" tongue, trouble swallowing;

sores or swelling in your rectal or genital area; or.

vaginal itching or discharge

3. Cefixime - Cefixime, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.

# Uses

uncomplicated UTI, otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and bronchitis

# Side Effects

headache, dizziness

# Contraindications

- patients with known allergy to cephalosporin group of antibiotics

- use in penicillin allergic reactions requires caution

4. Prednisolone - Adrenal Glucocorticoid, Endocrine-Metabolic Agent, Ophthalmologic Agent

# prednisolone indications

allergic disorder, asthma, collagen disease, disorder of: endocrine system, eye, GI tract, hematopoietic structure, respiratory system, skin. Hodgkin's disease, Exacerbation of multiple sclerosis

# prednisolone contraindications

fungal infections, systemic

# prednisolone side effects

■Cardiovascular: Body fluid retention, Hypertension

■Dermatologic: Acne, Ecchymosis, Superinfection, Skin

■Endocrine metabolic: Decreased body growth, Hyperglycemia, Lipids abnormal

■Gastrointestinal: Superinfection, Gastrointestinal

■Musculoskeletal: Muscle weakness, Osteoporosis

■Neurologic: Headache

■Ophthalmic: Cataract, Glaucoma, Raised intraocular pressure

■Psychiatric: Euphoria, Psychotic disorder

■Other: Superinfection, General