Question

Part II - Define the terms listed below.

Inhalation

Exhalation

Inspiratory reserve volume

Expiratory reserve volume

Vital capacity

Spirometer

Forced expiratory volume

Respiratory rate

Hyperventilation

Hypoxia

Explain what a peak flow measures.

Rales

Rhonchi

Stridor

Pulse Oximetry

Answer 1

Inhalation: During this process the oxygen was intakes into the body and in this mechanism ribcage was expanded and the intercostal muscles contracted and the contracted diaphragm can increase the chest volume and due to this pressure inside the chest is lowered and the air was sucked into the lungs.
Exhalation: During this process the carbon dioxide can comes out from the body and in this mechanism ribcage drops inwards and outwards and the intercostal muscle and diaphragm can became relaxed, so the pressure inside the chest increases and air is forced out.

Inspiratory reserve volume: Volume of air in addition to tidal volume that enters the lungs during forced respiration. (Volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle is called as tidal volume).

Expiratory reserve volume: Volume of air in addition to tidal volume that leaves the lungs during forced expiration. (Volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle is called as tidal volume).

Vital capacity: Maximum volume of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible. If you subtract the residual volume from the total lung capacity, you get the Vital capacity.

Spirometer: A spirometer is a device used to measure the pulmonary (lung) performance of a patient, specifically the maximum flow rate and capacity (total volume). During the process of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) the spirometer was most significantly used to measuring lung function.

Forced expiratory volume: It is the volume of air that can be forced out while taking a deep breath and it is an important measure of pulmonary function. The effect of obstructive diseases such as asthma or emphysema may be determined by measuring the forced expiratory volume.

Respiratory rate: The number of breaths taken per minute was explained by respiratory rate.

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