Entropy ΔS.
a. Under what conditions is ΔS<0 for a spontaneous process?
b. You are told that ΔS=0 for a process in which the system is coupled to its surroundings. Can you conclude that the process is reversible? Justify your answer.
c. Under what conditions does the equality ΔS=ΔH/T hold?
Entropy ΔS. a. Under what conditions is ΔS<0 for a spontaneous process? b. You are told...
Under what conditions will the reaction be spontaneous? (a) Al2O3(s)+2Fe(s)→Fe2O3(s)+2Al(s)ΔS>0 and ΔH>0 (b) CS 2 ( g ) → CS 2 ( l ) Δ S < 0 and Δ H < 0
A process at constant T and P can be described as spontaneous if ΔG < 0 and nonspontaneous if ΔG > 0. Over what range of temperatures is the following process spontaneous? Assume that gases are at a pressure of 1 atm. (Hint: Use the data below to calculate ΔH and ΔS [assumed independent of temperature and equal to ΔH° and ΔS°, respectively] and then use the definition of ΔG.) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) → PCl5(g) ΔHf° (kJ mol-1) -287.0 -374.9...
A process at constant T and P can be described as spontaneous if ΔG < 0 and nonspontaneous if ΔG > 0. Over what range of temperatures is the following process spontaneous? Assume that gases are at a pressure of 1 atm. (Hint: Use the data below to calculate ΔH and ΔS [assumed independent of temperature and equal to ΔH° and ΔS°, respectively] and then use the definition of ΔG.) 3 PbO2(s) → Pb3O4(s) + O2(g) ΔHf° (kJ mol-1) -277.0...
Which single criterion allows you to determine whether a process is spontaneous? A. The sign of the equilibrium constant, K. B. The sign of the enthalpy change, ΔH. C. The sign of the entropy change, ΔS. D. The sign of the free energy change, ΔG. E. There is no single criterion that allows you to determine if a process is spontaneous.
Under which of the following conditions is a process spontaneous at high temperatures and nonspontaneous at low temperatures? Select the correct answer below: O AH and AS are both positive O AH and AS are both negative O ΔH is positive and Δ.S is negative O AH is negative and AS is positive
any spontaneous process, the entropy of the system increases. All spontaneous processes are accompanied by a decrease in free energy Question 2 In which state would two moles of Ar(g) have the lowest entropy?! at 45 °C in a volume of 10.0L All the listed conditions have the same entropy! at 150 °C in a volume of 10.0L at 150 °C in a volume of 2.5 L at 45 °C in a volume of 2.5 L Question 3 Which of...
1. Consider a process at 286 K with ΔH = -72.5 kJ/mol and ΔS = -96.8 J/K mol Which of the following is true? ΔG = -44.8 kJ/mol and the process will not be spontaneous ΔG = +39.4 kJ/mol and the process will be spontaneous ΔG = -44.8 kJ/mol and the process will be spontaneous ΔG = -19.1 kJ/mol and the process will not be spontaneous ΔG = +39.4 kJ/mol and the process will not be spontaneous 2. Consider a...
QUESTION 23 Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. A spontaneous process occurs under specified conditions without outside intervention. Ob. AGsys --TASuniv c. A nonspontaneous process occurs only if the surroundings continuously supply energy to the system. d. The relationship between AGⓇ and K at 25°C is: if K< 1, AG° <0. e. A spontaneous change may be exothermic or endothermic.
Entropy (S) The second factor involved in determining whether or not a process is spontaneous is the change in randomness or entropy (AS). Entropy is represented by the symbol S. Again, experience can help us understand the relationship between entropy and spontaneous processes. If we look at the two drawings below, we can predict which picture represents the stack of marbles "before" and after they are bumped. We expect the stack of marbles (less random, lower entropy) to be the...
Chapter 18 Thermodynamics Homework 1.Predict the sign of AS for each process: a) The boiling of water b)2HgO(s)-2Hg(I) + 02(s) c) CaCO, (s)CaO(s)+ CO (g) 2. Is the following process spontaneous or nonspontaneous at a given temperature? NaNO,(s) ->NaNO,(aq) 3. If a reaction has ΔS < 0 and ΔΗ < 0 will the reaction always be spontaneous, spontaneous at low T, spontaneous at high T, or never spontaneous? 4.Consider this reaction: Calculate ΔG at 25 °C and determine whether the...