Question

describe how fructose, non-nutritive and nutritive sweeteners could potentially disturb energy balance and cause obesity (consider hormones that regulate food intake and metabolism-leptin, ghrin,insulin, etc.)

Answer 1

Fructose, non-nutritive and nutritive sweeteners reduce the satiety and alter the homeostasis of glucose in the host organism that results in increased calorie consumption and eventually obesity.

The artificial sweeteners alter the microbiota of the gut. changes in the physiology of gut trigger inflammatory responses which promotes insulin resistance and fat storage in the host organism.