Question

First Aid Test #1 name 1. What is the difference between an open and closed fracture? 2. How do you clean a wound, and what should you not use to clean a wound. 3. List and explain 5 types of open wounds. 4. How do you know that a wound is infected? 5. How do you care for burns? 6. When is a Hemostatic dressing used and why?

Answer 1

1 An open fracture has broken skin over the fracture,either from thebone breaking out through the skin or from an outside force damaging both skin and bone.Whereas a closed fracture has intact skin over it.

2 Use standard precautions by using clean,non-sterile gloves.Clean wound with saline or betadine.Clean top to bottom,center to outer edge and use multiple swabs.

3Five types of open wounds are

Abrasion-in which skin is scraped off and bleeding is limited.

Incision- it is the cut or injury caused by a sharp object like knife .In this wound edges are smooth and regular,can lead to excessive blood loss.

laceration- it is the tearing of tissue by excessive by excessive force,often jagged and irregular edges,bleeding maybe heavy.

Puncture-it is caused by sharp object or pointed instrument,external bleeding usually limited.

Avulsion- In this wound tissue is torn or separated from victims body,result in a piece of torn body tissue,bleeding is heavy/extensive,preserve body part.

4 At the wound site there will be redness,swelling, and pain at wound site.Patient may also experience fever,there will be purulent discharges.

5 In the emergent phase

Fluid therapy

• Assess fluid needs.
• Begin IV fluid replacement.
• Insert urinary catheter.
• Monitor urine output.

Wound care

• Start hydrotherapy
• Debride as necessary
• Assess extent and depth of burns.
• Initiate appropriate wound care.
• Administer tetanus toxoid

Pain and anxiety-Assess and manage pain and anxiety.

Psychosocial care-Provide support to patient and family during initial crisis phase.

Nutritional therapy-Assess nutritional needs and began feeding patients by most appropriate route as soon as possible

6 They contain clotting agents that assist in the rapid development of blood clots at the wound,resulting in rapid control of the bleeding.Hemostatic agents can be more effective in controlling severe external bleeding than standard emergency care.These should be used only in cases of life-threatening bleeding and only by a responder trained in their use.