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State a definition of “diversification” in terms of correlation, explained by theory.

State a definition of “diversification” in terms of correlation, explained by theory.

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The term diversification with reference to correlation refers to a situation when you have many stocks in your portfolio and they are negatively correlated. If the stocks are negatively correlated then even if the individual risk of the stocks might be high but the overall risk of the portfolio would be less, this is because the negative return of one stock would be offset by another stock who price movement is negatively correlated and moves in other direction.

Let’s take an example where you have Securities A with Standard deviation of 20%, B with Standard deviation of 25% and C with Standard deviation of 25%, and if correlation (A, B) = 0.80 and correlation (A, C) = -0.80. Now if you create a portfolio of either A and B or A and C then the overall risk of the portfolio would in case of A and C would be less than A and B, because stocks A and C are negatively correlated.

Having stocks in a portfolio which are negatively correlated can significantly reduce the risk of the security.

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