Question

Present a question that applies to Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance: Dehydration.

The question and response should explain, illustrate, justify, trace, discuss, compare, contrast, agree or disagree, interpret, evaluate, and summarize.

a.      Relate alterations in structure and function of cells and tissue development.

b.     Trace the impact of alterations in defense mechanisms on homeostasis.

c.      Summarize the impact of altered defenses on the individual.

Answer 1

a. Dehydration is a condition where there is a loss of total body water that affects the structure and function of the cell. Most of the body water is losed through sweat, excessive urine, and exhaled air. This results in a decrease in the plasma contentration of the blood. The tissues and cells receive less amount of water as the blood becomes more concentrated. This alters the functions of the system. The thirst center in the hypothalamus transmits signals to make awareness of increased thirst. The ADH in the posterior pituitary gland stimulates the kidney to dilute the blood plasma.

b. Heomostastic mechanism are maintained by osmolarity of ECF. Negative feedback mechanism of hemeostatsis balanced the sodium loss. In response to sodium depletion, angiotensin II and aldosterone are secreted to induce sodium intake. Negative feedback mechanism also maintain the volume of ECF and ICF through the osmotic pressure.

c. The individual will face a decrease in the blood pressure as a result of low blood volume. This indirectly raises the contraction of muscles of the heart. Renin-angiotensin system increases the production of angiotensin II which stimulate the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone. This increases the reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubules to compensate for loss of water and electrolytes.