Question

Define and describe each of the following

Affirmative Action

Black Codes

Jim Crow Laws

Poll Tax

Thirteenth Amendment

Fourteenth Amendment

Fifteenth Amendment

Equal Protection Clause

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Grandfather Clause

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 1

* known a POLL TAX : Also known as head tax or Capitation, in a tax levied as a fixed Sum on every liable individual - In U.S. Voting poll taxes chave been used to disenfranchise improverished & minority voters. THIRTCENTH AMENDMENT: This to US Constitution abolished slavery & involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a time in hindi - In Congress, it was passed by Senate on April 8, 1864 & by House on Jan 31, 1865.

VAN No. of Addl. Sheets.........Signature of the Invigilator........Date.. 14th AMENDMENT This Amendment granted citizenship & Equal Civil & Legal rights to African Americans & slaves who had been emancipated afte the American Civil War, including them under the Umbrella phrase ". All pessons boon or Naturalized in U.S." 15th AMENDMENT O hente 15th Amendment to us Constitution prohibi the federal government & each state fro denying a citizen the right to vote based on that Citizen's rate, Color or previou Condition of servitude.

# EQUAL PROTECTION Cenuse... - It is a part of nuth Amendment to U.S. Constitution. The clause, which took effect n 1868, provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction & The equal protection of lacos" CIVIL RIGHTS Act of 1964 b a landmark piece of Legislation that outlawed discrimination on the bast of race, color, religion, sex or National origin in Voter registration, employment & public atto modations, including ending Yadal Segregation in schools

an A Black CODES: (Black Laws). There were laws governing the conduct of African Americans (free black). - The best known were paned in 1865 & 1866 by Southern States, after the American Civil War, in order to restrict African American freedom & to compel them to work for low Wages JIM CROW LAKS : boutoont It is an acted in late 19th & Carly 20th Conturia by white Democratic dominated state Legislatura after reconstruction period There were state & local laws that enforced racial segregation in Southern U.S. The laws were enforced untilt 1965 va hern

GRANDFATHER CAUSC : It ha provision in which an old rule Continues to apply to some existing situation while a new rule will apply to all future cases. - Thase exempt from new rule are said to chave grandfather rights or acquired right or to have been grandfathered in Pressy V. PERGUSON? This was a landmark decision of V.S Supreme Court that upheld the Constitutionality of racial Segrigation laws for public facilities as long as the Segregated facilities were equal in quality. À doctrine that came to be known as "Seperate but equal".