Question

You have a 21 year old niece who has never drunk any alcohol beverage before. She weighs 120 or so pounds. She confides in you that she and a group of friends are going to drink some alcoholic beverages one evening. She is not to be deterred. What advice can you give her to keep her from getting too drunk and safe? At what point will she be over the .08 BAC (the legal blood alcohol concentration in WA State) Refer to the BAC chart on p. 278 (Make sure to use the correct chart for gender.) Address factors outlined in your text that influence the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC). In your answer you should address how alcohol is metabolized in the stomach and the liver.

Answer 1

Some of the advice which can be given to prevent excessive drinking and which is in safe line are

• Try to eat something before you start drinking, because if alcohol is drunk in empty stomach ,the absorption rate is very high in blood.Also this will disturb the gastric acid secretion and cause gastritis over time
• Do not binge drink or betting this can make one to drink a lot in order to win the game
• Water can be taken along with the drink.This can side in dilution of the alcohol and cause less gastrointestinal problems
• Do not combine alcohol with any other beverages, thus can lead to ad averse eggfecrs like nausea, vomiting, at times can increase it concentration and affecting the nervous system leading to unconsciousness
• Restrict yourself
• 1 drink can increase the blood alcohol level by 0.02 % ,so do not drink more than 4 drink. The accepted BAC is less than 0.08%. A level kore than this can cause increased BAC.
• Do not attempt to drive when drunken even in the minimal quantity fir safety purposes

Some factors which can influence alcohol are

• Weight of an individual
• How fast the alcohol is drunk
• Gender
• The type, quantity, place of drink
• Use of any medication or ant medical conditions

The alcohol in the body about a standard drink(10g of alcohol) can be metabolized in an hour. The metabolism takes place in the stomach and liver. The stomach absorbs 25% and remaining by small intestine. Liver metabolizes it aboutb 90 to 98%.

In the stomach when alcohol reaches it is absorbed in blood stream through the gastric lining diffusion method.It is metabolized by ADH and passes to the small intestine through duodenum. Then it is metabolized by cytochrome P450,CYPE21 and catalase

In the liver when the alcohol reaches it is acted by alcohol dehydrogenase and breaks it to acetaldehyde, this acetaldehyde is converted to acetate.From acetate it is excreted from the body through carbon dioxide and as water