Question

define and explain the following

1. Adventitious Sounds:

2. Chemoreceptors and Locations:

3. Crackles

4. Dyspnea:

5. Elastic Recoil:

6. Fremitus:

7. Mechanical receptors:

8. Oxygenation:

9. Resistance:

10. Surfactant:

11. Tidal Volume:

12. Ventilation:

13. Wheezing:

1. Allergic rhinitis:

2. decannulation

3.Deviated Septum:

4. Epistaxis:

5. Laryngectomy:

6. Laryngitis:

7. Nasal polyps:

8. Pharyngitis:

9. Rhinoplasty:

10. Sinusitis:

11. Surgical Cricothyroidotomy:

12. Tracheostomy:

QUESTION II

1. Acute Bronchitis

2. Community acquired pneumonia

3. cor pulmonale

4. empyema

5. flail chest

6. hemothorax

7. Hospital Acquired Pneumonia.

8. Lung Abscess

9. Pertussis

10. Plural effusion

11. Pleurisy

12. Pleuritis

13. Pneumoconiosis

14. Pneumonia

15. Pneumothorax

16. Pulmonary Edema

17. Pulmonary embolism

18. pulmonary Hypertension

19. Tension pneumothorax

20. Thoracentesis

21. Thoracotomy

22. Tuberculosis

Answer 1

Ans) 1) Adventitious SoundsAdventitious breath sounds are abnormal sounds that are heard over a patient's lungs and airways. These sounds include abnormal sounds such as fine and coarse crackles (crackles are also called rales), wheezes (sometimes called rhonchi), pleural rubs and stridor.

2) Central chemoreceptors, located in the respiratory center at the base of your brain, monitor the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen by detecting changes in the pH levels of the cerebral spinal fluid.

3) Crackles are abnormal lung sounds characterized by discontinuous clicking or rattling sounds. Crackles can sound like salt dropped onto a hot pan or like cellophane being crumpled or like velcro being torn open.

4) Dyspnea is the medical term for shortness of breath, sometimes described as “air hunger.” It is an uncomfortable feeling. Shortness of breath can range from mild and temporary to serious and long-lasting. It is sometimes difficult to diagnose and treat dyspnea because there can be many different causes.