Question

Case Study: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Mr. Nguyen is a 46-year-old man admitted to the emergency department with chest discomfort. His history reveals a history of smoking a pack of cigarettes per day. He relies on a fast food diet since his kids moved out of the house and he is divorced and lives alone. His father died at the age of 60 due to heart problems. He reveals that his chest pain started while he was shoveling snow from his walkway. He had experienced chest discomfort with activity previously, but the pain had subsided with rest and he sought no medical help. This time the pain did not subside and became increasingly severe, radiating to his left arm and lower jaw. In the emergency department, an ECG and cardiac enzymes were obtained. The cardiac monitor showed sinus tachycardia with occasional premature ventricular complexes. Mr. Nguyen was treated with nasal oxygen chrombolytic therapy, sublingual nitroglycer and IV (norphine sulfate. When he was pain free, he was transferred to the cardiac unit for monitoring ng to his le plained. The care Nguyen was pain free hombolytic therapyre ventricular co Discussion Questions 1. Describe the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis? Which do you think contributed to Mr. Nguyen's chest discomfort? Explain 2. Identify risk factors that aid in the development of atherosclerosis in this case? List other potential risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis? 3. Describe the difference between acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction. 4. What clinical manifestations occur with acute coronary syndrome? 5. What different manifestations occur with myocardial infarction? 6. What would be the potential difference in clinical manifestations for women and older adults? 7. List the tests that confirm a diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Mr. Nguyen is discharged and 6 months later he visits his nurse practitioner because he has been noticing an inability to complete yard work because of shortness of breath and increased fatigue. He's diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF). 8. What is the pathophysiology of CHF? What is the relationship between his past MI and CHF? 9. Compare and contrast right sided CHF and left sided CHF.

Answer 1

Answer: The major difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis is that the arteriosclerosis is a condition where the artery walls gets hard or stiff whereas in the case if atherosclerosis, due to the accumulation of the plaque, the artery becomes narrow. The major reason for the chest discomfort for this client is the atherosclerosis. The intake of fast foods, smoking causes build of plaque which narrow the artery.