HAND HYGEINE
Hand hygiene is a way of cleaning one's hands that substantially reduces potential pathogens (harmful microorganisms) on the hands. Hand hygiene is considered a primary measure for reducing the risk of transmitting infection among patients and health care personnel.
STEPS
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes. These measures are to be used when providing care to all individuals, whether or not they appear infectious or symptomatic.
AIRBORNE
Airborne precautions are required to protect against airborne transmission of infectious agents.
Diseases requiring airborne precautions include, but are not limited to: Measles, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Varicella (chickenpox), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Airborne precautions apply to patients known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
Preventing airborne transmission requires personal respiratory protection and special ventilation and air handling.
Airborne precuation neeed standard precaution plus
Masks and Respirators
CONTACT
In addition to Standard Precautions, use Contact Precautions in the care of patients known or suspected to have a serious illness easily transmitted by direct patient contact or by indirect contact with items in the patient’s environment.
Illnesses requiring contact precautions may include, but are not limited to: presence of stool incontinence (may include patients with norovirus, rotavirus, or Clostridium difficile), draining wounds, uncontrolled secretions, pressure ulcers, presence of generalized rash, or presence of ostomy tubes and/or bags draining body fluids.
Additional Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Contact Precautions
Contact precautions are in addition to Standard Precautions
PLUS
Gloves
PLUS
Gowns
How contact transmission occurs:
Contact precautions are required to protect against either direct or indirect transmission.
Contact precautions are indicated for persons with gastrointestinal (diarrheal) illness, and incontinent persons including those who use incontinent products.
Direct Contact Transmission
Indirect Contact Transmission
DROPLET PRECAUTION
Droplet Precautions
Droplets can be generated from the source person during coughing, sneezing, talking and during the performance of certain procedures such as suctioning or bronchoscopy.
Droplets may contain microorganisms and generally travel no more than 3 feet from the patient. These droplets can be deposited on the host’s nasal mucosa, conjunctivae or mouth.
Diseases requiring droplet precautions include, but are not limited to: Pertussis, Influenza, Diphtheria and invasive Neisseria meningitidis
Additional Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Droplet Precautions
Droplet precautions are in addition to Standard Precautions
PLUS
Masks and Respirators
Additional Procedures
Room
Patient
CHEMICAL HAZARD
Chemical Safety Precautions
BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM
Bioterrorism is the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, toxins or other harmful agents to cause illness or death in people, animals, or plants.These agents are typically found in nature, but could be mutated or altered to increase their ability to cause disease, make them resistant to current medicines, or to increase their ability to be spread into the environment. Biological agents can be spread through the air, water, or in food. Biological agents are attractive to terrorists because they are extremely difficult to detect and do not cause illness for several hours to several days. Some bioterrorism agents, like the smallpox virus, can be spread from person to person and some, like anthrax, cannot.
Bioterrorism may be favored because biological agents are relatively easy and inexpensive to obtain, can be easily disseminated, and can cause widespread fear and panic beyond the actual physical damage. Military leaders, however, have learned that, as a military asset, bioterrorism has some important limitations; it is difficult to use a bioweapon in a way that only affects the enemy and not friendly forces. A biological weapon is useful to terrorists mainly as a method of creating mass panic and disruption to a state or a country. However, technologists such as Bill Joy have warned of the potential power which genetic engineering might place in the hands of future bio-terrorists
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials.
PPE prevents contact with an infectious agent or body fluid that may contain an infectious agent, by creating a barrier between the potential infectious material and the health care worker.
DC po v u Create a power point presentation on the importance of wearing PPE. You...
Create a power point presentation on the importance of wearing PPE. You must include on the power point: Antes de that dear with the assignment tite, class, date group member names Handby one what it and instructions important points) Standard Precautions Arbore Contact Droplet precautions Chemical hazards Biological terrorism/warfare smallpok, anthrax) Personal protective equipment (PPE) (what it is, and looks ) Include a video on how to don and remove the PPE appropriately according to the Centers for Disease Control...