Question

Analyze the sample data given in the table below and provide reasons for changes in heart rate and Mean Arterial Pressure during lying down, exercise and holding breath as compared to sitting. Please type your answer and upload the document to the dropbox with the following file name format: Last name firstname HR MAP.docx Example Doe John HR MAP.docx The file should be uploaded by 11.59 pm Sunday 3/22/20. Late submissions will not be accepted. # 1 Sitting HR 7 6 94 72 72 72 68 72 82 80 73 SPDP 115 75 100 70 118 70 118 75 116 65 130 9 4 128 82 118 82 110 70 104 70 Lying Down MAP HR SPDP 88.33 60 110 80.00 81 102 86.00 70 112 89.33 72 115 82.00 60 112 106.00 68 122 97.33 62 124 94.00 80 118 83.33 80 112 81.33 73 117 63 70 64 80 72 86 Exercise MAP HR 78.67 84 80.67 97 80.00 77 91.67 84 85.33 54 98.00 96.00 86.00 82.67 87.00 80 Holding Breath SPDP MAP HR SPDP MAP 119 75 89.67 72 118 78 91.33 125 80 95.00 83 108 80 89.33 120 74 89.33 73 118 72 87.33 125 75 91.67 72 120 80 93.33 144 62 89.33 86.67 76 100.67 90 103.33 82 101.33 80130 88 102.00 82 100.67 78 91.33 74 93.33 80 89.33 89.33 80 108 80 89.33 80 118 70 68 72 94.03 5.10 75.20 5.03 92.33 5.79 Mean 76.10 88.77 SD 7.55 8.26 HR Mean & SD Sitting Lying down Exercise Holding Breath 76.10 70.60 85.20 75.20 7.55 8.15 21.395.03 70.60 86.60 85.20 8.15 6.69 21.39 MAP Mean & SD Sitting Lying down Exercise Holding Breath 88.77 86.60 94.03 92.33 8.26 6.69 5 .10 5.79

Answer 1

Supine position:

During lying down position, the peripheral vascular resistance decreases. There is equal distribution of blood flow throughout the body. Muscles are relaxed hence there is no requirement for increased blood supply to muscles. Heart rate is decreased. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure is decreased, due to which mean arterial pressure is also decreased

Exercise:

During exercise, the muslces require more blood flow to meet the metabolic demand during running or working. Hence there is a large increase in heart rate and a small increase in stroke volume leading to increased cardiac output. As cardiac output increases and total resistance decreases, mean arterial pressure usually increases.

Holding breath:

While holding breath, there is vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels, leasing to increased arterial pressure. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases leading to increased mean arterial pressure. Heart rate decreases due to decreased muscle intensity.