Autism Spectrum disorder
Autism Spectrum disorder(ASD) or Autism are a group of disorders characterised by varying degrees of social interaction and communication problems in children associated with the presence of repetitive behaviours. ASD includes the subtypes autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder and aspergers syndrome. These complex disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders.
Epidemiological concern
The epidemiological concern on Autism Spectrum disorder alarms the healthcare sector. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum disorder increased 15% that is 1 in 59 children from the previous prevalence of 1 in 68 ( 2 years before). There is a 10 fold increase in the prevalence of ASD over last 40 years.
World wide prevalence of ASD is 1 in 100 births.
Population affected by ASD
Children are the affected population. ASD can be diagnosed at the age of 2 itself but most of the children after 4 or at the age of 8 are diagnosed with it. Atism is more common in boys than girls. In health statistics White children are more affected than the other minority groups . It might be due to decreased awareness and screening in minority groups for ASD.
If the epidemiological concern on Autism Spectrum disorder is not addressing the potential population - the children - may get affected. Having a child with ASD affects the all members of the family.
Risk factors associated with the ASD
One or more relatives with ASD
50% of chance, if a sibling is affected with autism
Prematurity or low birth weight baby
Maternal medication for epilepsy ( anticonvulsants) during pregnancy.
Advanced age of parents at conception
Maternal illness and exposure to pollution and pesticides during pregnancy.
How to alleviate the identified epidemiological concern regarding ADS.?
Care during pregnancy:
Mothers should have regular check up, eat nutritious well balanced diet and intake all supplements such as vitamins during pregnancy.
Avoid drugs specially antiepileptic medication, alcohol.
Get vaccination for Rubella , treat and control existing health conditions like celiac diseases.
Early diagnosis and treatment of ASD can help to prevent further deterioration of the child.
In reference to the epidemiology health issue of Autism Spectrum disorder, please answer the bellow questions...
In Refernce to Autism Spectrum Disorder What is the epidemiological concern? What population is it affecting? What potential population may be affected if this concern is not addressed? What are the risk factors associated with the epidemiological concern? What public health recommendation can you make to alleviate your identified epidemiological concern?
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