Question

what are the possible questions that could come from this topics?

1. Questions will be distributed approximately as follows:
   1. Substance Use Disorder and Cannabis - 10
   2. Pain Management –20
   3. Physiologic Stress and Pharmacologic Steroids- 20
   4. Cumulative material – 2-3 questions from each of the preceding weeks.
2. Exam questions come from class lectures, slides, readings and media resources.
3. Approximately 2/3 of exam questions are knowledge base questions, and approximately 1/3 are application questions that ask you to apply what you have learned. For instance, “A patient comes in with x symptoms; the nurse knows this is likely related to….“

Content areas

1. Substance Abuse: SBIRT and ORT screening, symptoms of overdose, withdrawal (ETOH and opioids), 14-gram alcohol drink equivalents, CDC opioid prescribing guidelines, medically assisted therapy (MAT), meds below.Cannabis: evidence based uses, state of research and legalization, THC, CBD & endocannabinoids, dosing, routes of administration, side effects and health concerns.
2. Pain Management: Types of pain and drug classes used to treat, WHO pain ladder, hierarchy of sources, principles of pain management, non-pharmacologic interventions, management of opioid side effects, pain management in the setting of addictive disease, meds below.
3. Stress:
   1. Physiologic Stress: SNS and ANS roles in stress response, physiologic response to stress, HPA axis and endocrine feedback loops, chronic vs acute stress response, RAAS & HPA involvement, stress effects on immune, CV, & neuroendocrine systems, pain response, etc.
   2. Pharmacologic steroids: anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, safety considerations, adrenal suppression, dosing & route considerations (alternate day, high dose vs low dose use, local vs systemic), Cushing syndrome.

Medications

For all med classes, know MOA, nursing considerations (pre-assessment, post-assessment, patient education, red flags), and know the most common side effects (1 or more), and the adverse effect that is life threatening (for instance, hypoglycemia, angioedema, etc…). Use the one-page drug list to help guide which classes to study as well as the list below.

1. MAT
   1. Methadone
   2. Buprenorphine
   3. Naltrexone
2. Naloxone
3. Non-opioid analgesics:
   1. COX inhibitors
   2. Adjuvant therapies (just need to know what they are and why they are used, not MOA, nursing considerations, etc.)
4. Opioids
5. Bowel regimen (know when and why, not MOA, nursing considerations, etc.)
6. Glucocorticoids

Cumulative Material:

HP2020 major goals, primary, secondary, tertiary prevention, Medicare coverage parts

Punnett squares and inheritance, virus & bacteria mechanisms of action, immune cells, HIV

Fluid balance, capillary dynamics, normal electrolyte lab values (basic metabolic panel)

Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion), pharmacodynamics, agonists, partial agonists, antagonists

Diabetic comorbidities, acute and chronic complications (microvascular & macrovascular), differentiate between type 1 and type 2 (physiology & sequelae of each), lab values that define stages of diabetes or effective diabetes management.

Virchow’s triad, DVT, complications of immobility, nursing care priorities for immobile patients, stages of overweight/obesity, benefits and recommendations re exercise.

Normal sleep patterns across the lifespan, substances and habits that impair or foster sleep.

Atherosclerosis and thrombo-embolism, stages of hypertension, cardiac output

Answer 1

1.Question from substance abuse disorder and cannabis are :-

- what is tolerance

- what is addiction

- what is a stimulant and examples of stimulants

- what is a depressant and its examples

- what is drug abuse

- what are the symptoms of overdose

- what are the withdrawn symptoms

- What is psychopharmacology

- what is AUD ( Alcohol use disorder ) ,what are its side effects and treatment methods

- what is meant by down regulation in substance abuse

- what are DEA schedule I drugs

- what are schedule ll , lll ,lV ,V ,drugs

- what is the screening tools for substance abuse

- list the disorders associated with substance abuse

- what is disulpharum therapy

2. Questions related to pain management are :-

- what is pain

- the pathology of pain

- what are the different tools to assess pain

- what are the pharmacological methods to treat pain

- what are the non -pharmacological methods to alleviate pain

- different classification of drugs used to treat pain

- side effects of NSAIDS , opioids

- which one of the following nursing interventions for a client in pain is based on gate control theory

- what is the priority nursing intervention for a client who is recieving epidural infusion for pain

- what is the best method to assess the intensity of pain

- what is PCA ( Patient controlled anaesthesia )

- how does PCA works

- PCA pump is most appropriate for what kind of pain

- what is TENS ( Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation)

- how does the TENS works

- what all pain components should be assessed while assessing pain

- which nonverbal manifestation would indicate pain

- clinical manifestations of opioid addiction given for pain management

- how to evaluate pain after providing Interventions

3. Questions related to physiological stress and pharmacologic steroids are :-

- what is stress

- different types of stress

- pathogenesis of stress

- causes of stress

- management options for stress

- complications of stress

- non- pharmacological methods to treat stress

- what are the medications given for stress management

- what are steroids

- what is the action of steroids

- Mechanism of action of steroids

- different functions of steroids

- side effects of steroids

- doses of steroids

- indications for steroids

- contraindications for steroids

- Nursing Interventions for steroids

- complicated of using steroids

4. Questions related to cumulative material are :-

- what are the types of prevention

- what is Medicare and Medicaid and their differences

- what is pharmacokinetics and it's four basic phases

- what is diabetes mellitus and it's types

- what are the complications of diabetes mellitus

- what is the normal sleep patterns and it's stages

- what is Pharmacodynamics

- what is the difference between agonist and antagonist

- what is DVR

- what are the Virchows triad

- what is BMI and it's classification

- what is the normal LFT and RFT

- what is fluid electrolyte balance and what is the complications of disturbed fluid electrolyte balance

- what is atherosclerosis ,what are causes and risk factors

- complications of atherosclerosis

- what is hypertension and it's stages