Question

1. (medical discipline) uses physical tools including optical and ionizing radiation, ultrasound, lasers, thermal and magnetics technologies, in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The high technology equipment used in diagnostic and therapeutic applications is often designed and maintained by medical physicists. 2. Einstein's formula E=mc is the basis for the theory that led to the development of_ A. X-ray imaging B. the internet C. nuclear power D. cathode ray tubes is the scientific study of the biological effects of various forms of radiation. 4. In the SI system, the base unit for the amount of a substance and distance are the_ and the 5. The biggest source of man-made ionizing radiation exposure to the general public is A. atomic fallout B. diagnostic X-rays C.smoke detectors D. nuclear power plants 6. The special unit of radiation "dose" a defined in SI units as J/kg is

Answer 1

( 1 ) Medical imaging ( medical discipline) uses physical tools including optical and ionizing radiation ultrasound, lasers,thermal and magnetic technologies, in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases .the high technology equipment used in diagnostic and therapeutic applications is often designed and maintained by medical physicists.

Medical imaging is often perceived to designate the set of techniques that noninvasively produce images of the internal aspect of the body. In this restricted sense, medical imaging can be seen as the solution of mathematical inverse problems. This means that cause (the properties of living tissue) is inferred from effect (the observed signal). In the case of medical ultrasonography, the probe consists of ultrasonic pressure waves and echoes that go inside the tissue to show the internal structure. In the case of projectional radiography, the probe uses X-ray radiation, which is absorbed at different rates by different tissue types such as bone, muscle, and fat.

(2) Einstein formula E = mc2 is the basis for the theory that led to the development of nuclear power.

At one level, the equation is devastatingly simple. It says that the energy (E) in a system (an atom, a person, the solar system) is equal to its total mass (m) multiplied by the square of the speed of light (c, equal to 186,000 miles per second). Like all good equations, though, its simplicity is a rabbit-hole into something profound about nature: energy and mass are not just mathematically related, they are different ways to measure the same thing. Before Einstein, scientists defined energy as the stuff that allows objects and fields to interact or move in some way – kinetic energy is associated with movement, thermal energy involves heating and electromagnetic fields contain energy that is transmitted as waves. All these types of energy can be transformed from one to another, but nothing can ever be created or destroyed.

(3 ) Radiobiology is the scientific study of the biological effects of various forms of radiation.

( 4). In the SI system the base units for the amount of a substance and distance are the. Mole And the metre

(5) Biggest sources of man made ionizing radiation exposure to the general public is diagnostic xrays.

By far, the most significant source of man-made radiation exposure to thepublic is from medical procedures, such as diagnostic X-rays, nuclear medicine, and radiation therapy. Some of the major isotopes would be I-131, Tc-99m, Co-60, Ir-192, Cs-137, and others.

( 6) The special unit of radiation dose is defined in SI units as J/ kg is gray.

In addition, Systeme International (SI) units have been adopted by ICRP (1977). The unit of dose is now the gray (Gy), and the unit of equivalent dose, effective dose, and associated quantities is the sievert (Sv). Each of those units equals 1 J per kg. In terms of conventional units, 1 Gy = 100 rad and 1 Sv = 100 rem.