Question

I am having trouble with these JDBC and XML questions.

1)

The type of XML Parsing that parses an XML document based on expression and is used extensively in conjunction with XSLT.

a) SAX Parsing

b) DOM parsing

c) StAX

d) XPath Parsing

2)

On the XML below, which XPath expression will return all of the values of title attributes?

<slideshow
title="Sample Slide Show"
date="Date of publication"
author="Yours Truly"
>
<!-- TITLE SLIDE -->
<slide type="all">
<title>Wake up to WonderWidgets!</title>
</slide>
<!-- OVERVIEW -->
<slide type="all">
<title>Overview</title>
<item>Why <em>WonderWidgets</em> are great</item>
<item>Who <em>buys</em> WonderWidgets</item>
</slide>
</slideshow>

a) //[@title]

b) //@title

c) //slide/title

d) //title

3)

Well formed XML document means

a) it contains a root element

b) it contain an element

c) it contains one or more elements

d) must contain one or more elements and root element must contain all other elements

Answer 1

Q1 -> (d)

Explanation: XPath parser is recommended by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium).Information in an XML file can be extracted by using expressions. These expressions are provided by XPath for fetching the required information from the input expression.XPath parser is used alongside XSLT (standard) and fetches the data based on various components like: Path Expressions, Standard Functions and Structure Definitions.

Option a is wrong because SAX Parser is not used with XSLT and is an event based parser, it reads the XML from top to the end and receives event notifications to parse the document sequentially.

Option b is wrong because DOM Parser is also not used with XSLT instead, it creates a DOM tree that is constructed using JAVA Programming language interfaces. The required data can be fetched using the functions provided by the DOM interface.

Option c is wrong because StAX Parser is an API based on JAVA Programming language that works in a similar manner to that of a SAX parser. It is based on event model of parsing and it encounters elements as events and does the parsing.

Q2 -> (b)

Explanation: Since we are talking about title attributes here and NOT title elements hence the answer would be //@title since an attribute is selected in XML using XPath Parser using the path expression: //@attrib.This selects all the attribute with the name 'attrib' in the XML document. Here we can say that @ is used in case of attributes and // for elements.

Option a is wrong since it is incorrect way of referring to an attribute without mentioning its parent element.

Correct way would be //element[@attribute].

Option c is wrong because it refers to the attributes of the element 'slide' and there is no such element in the XML provided.

Option d is wrong because it refers to all the elements of the name title and in the question we are asked to fetch the attributes named 'title' and not elements.

Q3 -> (d)

Explanation: A Well formed XML document is the one which contains a root element and all other elements (one or more) must be enclosed within a single root element. Other rules governing the well-formedness of an XML are:

1. Corresponding ending tag for each starting tag.
2. Proper nesting of elements.
3. Attributes names must be different in an element and its values be quoted.
4. Document must have a root elements and all other elements(one or more) must be enclosed within a single root element.

Option a is wrong because mere presence of a root element does not guarantee the well formedness of a document.

Option b is wrong because it talks of including only one element that too can be root or not.

Option c is wrong because it talks of including only one or more elements but it is also important to wrap those elements in a single root element which is not mentioned in this option.