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2 Chapte c Antrop G Antrop 4R0* G...
A steel plate contains 0.82% C and the surface is going to be carburized. The carburization...
A steel plate contains 0.82% C and the surface is going to be
carburized. The carburization takes place such that the surface
composition is 3.0% C, how long will it take to have 2.4% C at a
depth of 0.55 mm into the plate at a temperature of 560
°C?
erf(2) 7 erf(x) Z erf(2) 0 0 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523 0.05 0.0564 0.65 0.6420 1.5 0.9661 0.10 0.1125 0.70 0.6778 1.6 0.9763 0.15...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1325 K (1052°C). Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the surface with the oxygen in the atmosphere—that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentially at 0 wt% C. (This process of carbon depletion is termed decarburization.) At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.25 wt% after a 10-h treatment?...
10. Determine the carburizing time (in seconds) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt%...
10. Determine the carburizing time (in seconds) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 3.0 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1090°C. Assume that DO = 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd = 154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. Z erf(z) t erf(z) Z erf(z) 0 0.55 1.3...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 1.2 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1260°C. Assume that Do - 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd-154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. erf(z) erf(z)z erf(z) 0 0 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.02820.600.6039 1.4...
Nitrogen from a gaseous phase is to be diffused into pure iron at 700°C. If the...
Nitrogen from a gaseous phase is to be diffused into pure iron at 700°C. If the surface concentration is maintained at 0.12 wt% N, what will be the concentration (in weight percent) 3.9 mm from the surface after 6.5 h? The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in iron at 700°C is 4.1 x 10-10 m²/s. 1.7 z erf(z) 0.00 0.0000 0.025 0.0282 0.05 0.0564 0.10 0.1125 0.15 0.1680 0.20 0.2227 0.25 0.2763 0.30 0.3286 0.35 0.3794 0.40 0.4284 0.45 0.4755 0.50...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 2.9 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1180°C. Assume that Do = 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd-154 krmol. You will find the table below useful. er(z) erf(z)erf(z) 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523...
You are overseeing the carburizing of gears. You find that a batch of gears us ub a urnace and that the temperature has...
You are overseeing the carburizing of gears. You find that a
batch of gears us ub a urnace and that the temperature has been set
too low by 25*c You decide to solve the problem by extending the
carburization time so that an equivalent amount of diffusion takes
place
.11 h You are overseeing the carburization of gears. You find that a batch of gears is in a furnace and that the temperature has been set too low by 25...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 1.4 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1130°C. Assume that Do -5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd 154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. erf(z) erf(2)z erf(z) 5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523...
please answer highlighted part only and detailedely thank you compare and co describe one industrial application...
please answer highlighted part only and detailedely thank
you
compare and co describe one industrial application in which steady state diffusion plays an important role, use sketches as needed; (c) An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.22 wt% carbon is carburized at an elevated temperature and in an atmosphere wherein the surface carbon concentration is maintained at 1.1 wt% carbon. If after 50.0 hours the concentration of carbon is 0.47 wt% at a position 2.2 mm below the surface, determine...
A containment pond has a base thickness of 1.2 m. The leachate held by the base...
A containment pond has a base thickness of 1.2 m. The leachate held by the base has a sulfate concentration of 1800 mg/L. The facility is known to leak its offensive fluids into that underlying aquifer. which has a hydraulic conductivity of 10 m/d and effective porosity of 0.35. Two plezometers 500 m apart installed in upstream of the facility have average seasonal head readings of 20 m and 22 m. There is an observation well installed just downstream of...
A steel plate contains 0.82% C and the surface is going to be
carburized. The carburization takes place such that the surface
composition is 3.0% C, how long will it take to have 2.4% C at a
depth of 0.55 mm into the plate at a temperature of 560
°C?
erf(2) 7 erf(x) Z erf(2) 0 0 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523 0.05 0.0564 0.65 0.6420 1.5 0.9661 0.10 0.1125 0.70 0.6778 1.6 0.9763 0.15...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1325 K (1052°C). Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the surface with the oxygen in the atmosphere—that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentially at 0 wt% C. (This process of carbon depletion is termed decarburization.) At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.25 wt% after a 10-h treatment?...
10. Determine the carburizing time (in seconds) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 3.0 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1090°C. Assume that DO = 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd = 154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. Z erf(z) t erf(z) Z erf(z) 0 0.55 1.3...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 1.2 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1260°C. Assume that Do - 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd-154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. erf(z) erf(z)z erf(z) 0 0 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.02820.600.6039 1.4...
Nitrogen from a gaseous phase is to be diffused into pure iron at 700°C. If the surface concentration is maintained at 0.12 wt% N, what will be the concentration (in weight percent) 3.9 mm from the surface after 6.5 h? The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in iron at 700°C is 4.1 x 10-10 m²/s. 1.7 z erf(z) 0.00 0.0000 0.025 0.0282 0.05 0.0564 0.10 0.1125 0.15 0.1680 0.20 0.2227 0.25 0.2763 0.30 0.3286 0.35 0.3794 0.40 0.4284 0.45 0.4755 0.50...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 2.9 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1180°C. Assume that Do = 5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd-154 krmol. You will find the table below useful. er(z) erf(z)erf(z) 0.55 0.5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523...
You are overseeing the carburizing of gears. You find that a
batch of gears us ub a urnace and that the temperature has been set
too low by 25*c You decide to solve the problem by extending the
carburization time so that an equivalent amount of diffusion takes
place
.11 h You are overseeing the carburization of gears. You find that a batch of gears is in a furnace and that the temperature has been set too low by 25...
Determine the carburizing time (in s) necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.44 wt% at a position 1.4 mm into an iron-carbon alloy that initially contains 0.031 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.2 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1130°C. Assume that Do -5.1 x 10-5 m2/s and Qd 154 kJ/mol. You will find the table below useful. erf(z) erf(2)z erf(z) 5633 1.3 0.9340 0.025 0.0282 0.60 0.6039 1.4 0.9523...
please answer highlighted part only and detailedely thank
you
compare and co describe one industrial application in which steady state diffusion plays an important role, use sketches as needed; (c) An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.22 wt% carbon is carburized at an elevated temperature and in an atmosphere wherein the surface carbon concentration is maintained at 1.1 wt% carbon. If after 50.0 hours the concentration of carbon is 0.47 wt% at a position 2.2 mm below the surface, determine...
A containment pond has a base thickness of 1.2 m. The leachate held by the base has a sulfate concentration of 1800 mg/L. The facility is known to leak its offensive fluids into that underlying aquifer. which has a hydraulic conductivity of 10 m/d and effective porosity of 0.35. Two plezometers 500 m apart installed in upstream of the facility have average seasonal head readings of 20 m and 22 m. There is an observation well installed just downstream of...
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