Which of the following is a closed sentence?
(x)((Tx → (Cx v Fx)) ∨ (Pp v Max))
((∃x)(Px & Myx) → (y)(Cy v Dy))
((~Rstu → Lbcd) ∨ (w)~Lwcd)
Closed Sentence is a Mathematical Expression that is sure and certainly gives a true/false value after evaluation.
1- Axioms Rule is Applied in order to calculate the expression.
Like: A closed Sentence ~S is true if and only if S is not tue. and
a closed sentence X v Y is true if either X or Y is true. and so on.
So as per the Rule, it seems that the First Expression is Closed Sentence. because after the expansion and evaluation it gives the True.
Which of the following is a closed sentence? (x)((Tx → (Cx v Fx)) ∨ (Pp v...
Prove Valid: 1. (z)(Pz --> Qz) 2. (Ex) [(Oy • Py) --> (Qy • Ry)] 3. (x) (-Px v Ox) 4. (x) (Ox --> -Rx) ... :. (Ey) (-Py v -Oy) 1. (x) [(Fx v Hx) --> (Gx • Ax)] 2. -(x) (Ax • Gx) ..... :. (Ex) (-Hx v Ax) 1. (x) (Px --> [(Qx • Rx) v Sx)] 2. (y) [(Qy • Ry) --> - Py] 3. (x) (Tx --> -Sx) .... :. (y) (Py --> -Ty)
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