Question

LORS 31 nment Score: 54.5% Resources Check Answer ition 5 of 7 > If the symbol X represents a central atom, Y represents outer atoms, and Z represents lone pairs on the ocntral atom, the structure —X—y could be abbreviated as XYZ Classify these structures by the hybridization of the central atom. Awer Bank Q Search or enter website name 90

Answer 1

atom Y= Outer atom = lone pair Ausias x = central X Y = Sped хү,, . sp? хү42 - sp?a- хү, = sh хч,7, - sp?a- хт, 7, spa How to do it? (1 Cound 4+2 Cerent (a+b). for ath & Ер сtъ - 2 Similarly XYz2 = sp3 ху, а зр- xy, z, sh°4 Ұy,222 364 X Y = sp² for example in x YaZb = sp nybridization Hybridization atЬ S63 sp4 Sp3/2 раз

Answer 2

Concepts and reason

To determine the hybridization of the central atom in a structure, VSEPR is used. The total number of electron pairs in that structure gives the required hybridization of the central atom in that compound.

Fundamentals

Hybridization is defined as mixing of atomic orbitals having comparable energy to form hybrid orbital having lower energy than the former.

Hybridization of the central atom of any compound can be determined using VSEPR theory.

Number of electron pairs is the total number of bond pairs and lone pairs in a given compound. According to the VSEPR theory, number of electron pairs gives the hybridization as follows:

(a)

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are two bond pairs and zero lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{sp}}$ hybridized.

(b)

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{Z}}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are two bond pairs and one lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^2}$ hybridized.

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_3}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are three bond pairs and zero lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^2}$ hybridized.

(c)

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_4}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are four bond pairs and zero lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_2}{{\rm{Z}}_2}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are two bond pairs and two lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{Z}}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are three bond pairs and one lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}$ hybridized

(d)

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_5}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are five bond pairs and zero lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{\rm{d}}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_4}{\rm{Z}}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are four bond pairs and one lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{\rm{d}}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_2}{{\rm{Z}}_3}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are two bond pairs and three lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{\rm{d}}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_3}{{\rm{Z}}_2}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are three bond pairs and two lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{\rm{d}}$ hybridized

(e)

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_6}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are six bond pairs and zero lone pairs in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{{\rm{d}}^2}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_4}{{\rm{Z}}_2}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are four bond pairs and two lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{{\rm{d}}^2}$ hybridized

Determine the hybridization of central atom in the structure abbreviated as ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_5}{\rm{Z}}$ :

It can be represented as follows:

Since there are five bond pairs and one lone pair in the above structure, hence it is ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{{\rm{d}}^2}$ hybridized

Ans: Part a

The abbreviations which belongs to ${\rm{sp}}$ category is/are: ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}$

Part b

The abbreviations which belongs to ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^2}$ category is/are: ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{Z}}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_3}$

Part c

The abbreviations which belongs to ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}$ category is/are: ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{Z}}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{Z}}_{\rm{2}}}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{4}}}$

Part d

The abbreviations which belongs to ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{\rm{d}}$ category is/are: ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_4}{\rm{Z}}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{Z}}_2}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{Z}}_3}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_5}$

Part e

The abbreviations which belongs to ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^3}{{\rm{d}}^2}$ category is/are: ${\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_4}{{\rm{Z}}_2}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_5}{\rm{Z}}\;{\rm{,}}\;{\rm{X}}{{\rm{Y}}_6}$