Question

1. Why is there an ease of nitration and bromination of phenol relative to benzene?

2. What are some reactions of alcohols: - oxidation, dehydration, esterification, acylation.

Answer 1

1.

Benzene and phenol both undergo electrophonic substitution reaction. In the reaction, the electrophonic attack is the electron rich benzene ring and the benzene ring donates its electron density to the incoming electrophone. But, the reaction is much faster and early in case of phenol as compared to benzene because the -OH group attached at the benzene ring is an electron donating group which donator electron density in the benzene ring. As a result, the electron density available for the electrophone with lion (-NO_2^+) or bromine ion (Br^+) is each and hence the reaction becomes foster and peers and therefore, then is an laser of nitration and brominating of phoned relative to benzene. electron relearning group which activities the benzene ring no electron reacting groups attached. \ Reacting of alcohol: (1) Oxidation: Oxidation of primary alcohol produces carboxylic acids with strong oxidizing agents such as KM_r O_A, K_2C_r 2 O_7, C_rO_3, HNO_3 etc.

2.