Question

8. Inflation-induced tax distortions Kenji receives a portion of his income from his holdings of interest-bearing U.S. government bonds. The bonds offer a real interest rate of 2.5% per year. The nominal interest rate on the bonds adjusts automatically to account for the inflation rate. The government taxes nominal interest income at a rate of 10%. The following table shows two scenarios: a low-inflation scenario and a high-inflation scenario. Given the real interest rate of 2.5% per year, find the nominal interest rate on Kenji's bonds, the after-tax nominal interest rate, and the after-tax real interest rate under each inflation scenario. Inflation Rate (Percent) 2.0 Real Interest Rate (Percent) 2.5 Nominal Interest Rate (Percent) After-Tax Nominal Interest Rate (Percent) After-Tax Real Interest Rate (Percent) 7.5 2.5 Compared with higher inflation rates, a lower inflation rate will the after-tax real interest rate when the government taxes nominal interest income. This tends to saving, thereby the quantity of investment in the economy and the economy's long-run growth rate.

Answer 1

Inflation rate	Real interest rate	Nominal interest rate	After tax nominal interest rate	After tax real interest rate
2	2.5	2+2.5=4.5	(4.5-10%*4.5)= 4.05	4.05-2= 2.05
7.5	2.5	7.5+2.5=10	(10-10%*10)=9	9-7.5= 1.5

Reason- Nominal interest rate- inflation rate= Real interest rate

A lower inflation rate will increase the after tax real interest rate.

This tends to discourage Savings thereby Decreasing the quantity of investment and decreasing the economy's long run growth rate.

Reason- a lower inflation rate will lead to els1s fall in after tax real interest rate.

So savings fall and investment falls.

Answer 2

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