Ans - The distributed supply chain (the graph on the right)
Double marginalization occurs when two firms in different verticals of a same industry use their respective market power to mark up the prices. As a result, the entire industry and customers get impacted. In case of distributed supply chain, manufacturer M as well as retailer R has put the mark up on the price.
In the picture below, which of the two supply chains suffer(s) from double marginalization? Integrated supply...