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Suppose that the production of energy causes air pollution in Smalltown, and adverse health effects to 25% of Smalltown resid

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Answer #1

True.

externality is defined as the consumption or production done by any party, which effects the third party also is called externality.

There can be two types of externality. Both negative and positive.

A positive externality is when marginal social benefit is more than private benefits.

a negative externality is when social cost is more than private cost.

As shown above, externality is an automatic process. In simple words, if there is any consumer or production of any good and services by any individual or firm is being consumed or produced. then these externality will come into existence automatically.
Now, if tax is imposed to charge the social cost from the producer then this tax revenue is to full compensate the residents who are fully affected by the pollution.

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