Question

B1) List the benefits of networking. B2) List the responsibilities of a network administrator. B3) What is a local area network? B4) Define the following terms: (i) Point to Point link (ii) Topology (iii) MAC B5) What is a wide area network? B6) List the advantages of a peer to peer network. B7) List the advantages of a client/server network. B8) List the disadvantages of a peer to peer network. B9) Briefly explain client program and server program.

Answer 1

SOLUTION :-

B1) The benefits of networking :- The benifits of networking are given below :-

(1) The files can be shared by users.
(2) Peripherals such as printers and connections to other networks such as the internet can be shared by users.
(3) Users can access their files from any computer on the network.
(4) Servers can control security, software updates and the backup of data.
(5) Communication with others is feasible via email.

B2) The responsibilities of a network administrator :- The responsibilities of a network administrator are given below:-

(1) Installation of new computers and devices.
(2) Monitoring the network to ensure proper working.
(3) Installation and Updation of new softwares on network.
(4) Configuring and Setting up security mechanism.

B3) local area network(LAN) :- LAN is a network that connects computers and other devices in a comparatively small area, typically a single building or a group of buildings. Most LANs connect workstations and personal computers and enable users to access data and devices(such as printers and modems) anywhere on the network.

B4)

(i) Point to Point link :-

When permanent dedicated connections are required, a Point-to-Point link is utilized to confer a single, pre-established WAN communications route. This route goes from the customer premises, through the provider network, to a remote destination. A Point-to-Point link can connect two geographically distant sites, such as a corporate office in Australia and a regional office in London. For a Point-to-Point line, the carrier dedicates specific resources for a line that is leased by the customer (i.e., leased line). In other word, we can say that Point-to-Point link is utilized when a permanent dedicated connection is required across the WAN.

(ii) Topology :- Topology denotes to the layout of the network, that how different nodes of the network are connected and how they communicate. Topologies are methods of connecting networks together utilizing nodes. Daisy Chains, and Point-to-Point are methods of connecting these networks. Fully connected means that every node is connected to an independent router.

(iii) MAC :- The Media Access Control is our computer's unique hardware footprint that the network can identify us with. A MAC address is a unique address allocated to every NIC card. MAC addresses are utilized as a network address for most IEEE 802 network technologies, comprising Ethernet and Wi-Fi. It is a binary number that is utilized to uniquely identify computer network adapters. It is embedded into the network hardware or firmware. A MAC address can have 48 or 64 bits. The three formats of MAC address are given below :-
MM:MM:MM:SS:SS:SS
MM-MM-MM-SS-SS-SS
MMM.MMM.SSS.SSS
Where the MM:MM:MM is associated with the adapter manufacturer, and SSSSSS represents a device identification number.

B5) Wide Area Network :- Wide area network (WAN) are those Networks which provides data communications to a large number of independent users that are usually spread over a larger geographic area than a LAN. It usually execute long distances, connecting distant offices in distant cities or countries, but can also execute much shorter distances, connecting distant buildings in the same city.

B6) The Advantages of a peer to peer network :- The advantages of peer to peer network are given below :-
1) Cost saving (no server)

2) Network manager is not required.

3) It is easy to set up.

4) No dependence on a server.

5) It has low operating cost.

6) Peer responsibility

B7) The advantages of a client/server network :- The advantages of a client/server network are given below:-
1) Cost effective
2) All files are stored in a central place.
3) Network peripherals are controlled centrally.
4) Backups and network security is controlled centrally.

B8) The disadvantages of a peer to peer network :- The disadvantages of a peer to peer network are given below :-

1) Backups cannot be done centrally.
2) Users requires a lot of IT knowledge.
3) It is not as secure.
4) Few computers may be slow.
5) Files are not centrally organized, but stored on individual computers and can be hard to locate.
6) It is only suitable for small networks(i.e., 15 computers or less).

B9) Client program and Server program :-

A Client program is a program that requests services from a server. In other words we can say that typically a client sends a request to a server, and the server returns a response to the client.

A Server program is a piece of software that provides services to clients that request them. In other words, we can say that It denotes to a program that waits passively for communication, and not to the computer on which it executes. Although, when a computer is dedicated to executing one or more server programs, the computer itself is sometimes called a server.

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