Question

Select all CORRECT statements regarding mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Select four (4) answers, Answers A-F А When individuals with MVP are squatting, the midsystolic click comes sooner. The accompanying regurgitation murmur (if present) comes sooner, too, and is thus longer. B Rheumatic fever is a common cause of MVP. C MVP is caused my myxomatous degeneration of the valve leaflets. D Marfan syndrome is associated with MVP. E MVP is the most common cause of mitral regurgitation F Symptoms of MVP include palpitations and shortness of breath

Answer 1

Options ( B) , ( C) , ( D) , ( E) and ( F) are correct.

Explaination :-

In mitral valve Prolapse ( MVP) , the mitral apparatus becomes affected by a process called myxomatous degeneration. In myxomatous degeneration, the structural protein collagens forms abnormally and causes thinkening, enlargement and redundancy of the leaflets and chordae. Blood normally flows through the mitral valve from the left upper chamber to the left lower chamber of the heart. When the ventricle contract, the redundant leaflets prolapse into the left atrium, sometimes allowing leakage of blood through the valve opening back into the left atrium. When severe, mitral regurgitation can lead to heart failure and abnormal heart rhymths. Upon auscultation of an individual with MVP, a mid-systolic click followed by a systolic murmur heart heard best at the apex, is common.

The changes associated with MVP may occur with various underlying conditions or syndromes such as Marfan Syndrome, Osteogenesis imperfecta and Rheumatic heart disease caused by acute rheumatic fever.

Most people with mitral valve Prolapse have no symtoms, however, those who do complaint of symptoms such as fatigue, palpitation, chest pain, shortness of breath and anxiety.