Question

#1 and 2 please

1) On the image of the scanner, predict and draw the direction of propagation of the induced magnetic field. The arrows denote the direction of current through the solenoid The discovery of nuclear spin states has had a great impact on how we understand the quantum nature of particles. Imaging technologies such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and MRI are the result of our growing knowledge in this field. It has been shown that a nucleus will occupy either one of two orientations. This intrinsic physical property is what is manipulated by an MRI machine. Aspects of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The human body is composed primarily of hydrogen atoms (63%) and most of our tissues contain roughly 75% water. MRI machines that are currently used for clinical diagnostic purposes make use of this fact through what is known as the chemical shift. The chemical shift is defined as the difference in resonant frequency between isolated hydrogen and its value when bound to a specific site within a molecule. Different tissues will contain diverse chemical compositions/environments, and therefore different chemical shifts, allowing for discernable contrast between them. 2) Both protons and neutrons have a magnetic moment. Unless the nucleus contains an even number of protons and an even number of neutrons, the atomic nucleus has a net magnetic moment. A nucleus must have a net magnetization for it to be discernable using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. From the list below circle possible candidates for magnetic resonance spectroscopy (you may need to look at a periodic table, unless specified otherwise choose the most abundant isotop for each element): Carbon Helium Carbon Calcium Oxygen Hydrogen Phosphorous Sulfur

Answer 1

Sol we Rule the then thumb 0 Know from Right hand thumb if Curvelinear of fingers indicate Current indicates the direction of magnetic field. current flowing in Clockwise direction field should point into machine Now SO magnetic the 2 Contain even or odd protony Nucleus may Nuclear may Contain 3 Nuckus may contain Either neutrong Eithes even protons or odd neutrong either odd protons a odd neutrony will have net magnetization. and A-2= A-P In above all three Cases we 2 =P 13 ✓ oc Z 6 - 6 evens N=1 coddy wet magnetization 4 Не. 2 X - Z - 2 (evens N - 2 (even) O 12 с X - z = 6 (even) N=6 (even) O 6 40 ca Z- 20 (even) N = 20 (even) o Х 2 - 8 (even) N = 8 Ceven) O Х - odd Н Z - 1 (exten) N-O (even) Net 37 magnetization Net ingenetization v 2= 15 (o dd) N = 16 even 15 32 S X 0 - 2 - 16 (evens N = 16 leven) Candidates for magnetic Resincence Spectroscopy are and possible 13 H ادم 601