Question

11.115 The following figure is a plot of vapour pressure versus temperature for dichlorodifluoromethane (CC1,F2). The enthalpy change of vaporization of the liquid is 165 kJ g'. and the specific heat capacity of the liquid is about 10 JK- Vapour pressure (kPa) воб 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 30 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 Temperature (°C) (a) What is the normal boiling point of CC1,F22 (b) A steel cylinder containing 25 kg of CC1,F2 in the form of liquid and vapour is set outdoors on a warm day 25 °C). What is the approximate pressure of the vapour in the cylinder? (c) The cylinder valve is opened, and CCI,F2 vapour gushes out of the cylinder in a rapid flow. Soon, however, the flow becomes much slower, and the outside of the cylinder is coated with ice frost. When the valve is closed and the cylinder is reweighed, it is found that 20 kg of CC1F, is still in the cylinder. Why is the flow fast at first? Why does it slow down long before the cylinder is empty? Why does the outside become icy? (d) Which of the following procedures would be effec- live in emptying the cylinder rapidly (and safely)? Tum the cylinder upside down and open the valve 6) Cool the cylinder to-78C in dry ice and open the valve. (iii) Knock off the top of the cylinder, valve and all with a sledgehammer

Answer 1

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@ Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure (1 etm) from the diagram the balling point of cclqfz_ is about -27°C and gas phase, # 25°c the vapour presue]s_about 6.5 atm © As the initial. Stage make energetic molecules leave the liquid. phase enter the escope from the cylinder : only low energy molecules Jeemain. These molecules have lower temperatule. The tank Is therefore cooled : and water vapore can condense on the cylinder's Swiface - As the temperature decreases: the vapor pressure of the yeamaining liquid drops and the flow of gas a cool the cylinder to -78°c en day Vapour pressure of the liquid is less than one atmosphere can be opened safely and the liquid -poured •; out of cylinder Slow. ice The So the cylinder out. Thanks

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